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Talanta

Title:		Development of on-line FTIR spectroscopy for siloxane detection in biogas to enhance carbon contactor management
Author(s):		Hepburn CA; Vale P; Brown AS; Simms NJ; McAdam EJ;
Address:		"Cranfield Water Science Institute, Cranfield University, Bedfordshire MK43 0AL, UK. Severn Trent Water Limited, Coventry CV1 2LZ, UK. National Physical Laboratory, Teddington, Middlesex TW11 0LW, UK. Centre for Power Engineering, Cranfield University, Bedfordshire MK43 0AL, UK. Cranfield Water Science Institute, Cranfield University, Bedfordshire MK43 0AL, UK. Electronic address: e.mcadam@cranfield.ac.uk"
Journal Title:		Talanta
Year:		2015
Volume:		20150404
Issue:
Page Number:		128 - 136
DOI:		10.1016/j.talanta.2015.03.063
ISSN/ISBN:		1873-3573 (Electronic) 0039-9140 (Linking)
Abstract:		"Activated carbon filters are used to limit engine damage by siloxanes when biogas is utilised to provide electricity. However, carbon filter siloxane removal performance is poorly understood as until recently, it had not been possible to measure siloxanes on-line. In this study, on-line Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was developed to measure siloxane concentration in real biogas both upstream (86.1-157.5mg m(-3)) and downstream (2.2-4.3mg m(-3)) of activated carbon filters. The FTIR provided reasonable precision upstream of the carbon vessel with a root mean square error of 10% using partial least squares analysis. However, positive interference from volatile organic carbons was observed in downstream gas measurements limiting precision at the outlet to an RMSE of 1.5mg m(-3) (47.8%). Importantly, a limit of detection of 3.2mg m(-3) was identified which is below the recommended siloxane limit and evidences the applicability of on-line FTIR for this application"
Keywords:		"Biofuels/*analysis Calibration Carbon Filtration/economics/instrumentation Least-Squares Analysis Limit of Detection Siloxanes/*analysis Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared/*methods Volatile Organic Compounds/chemistry Waste Disposal, Fluid/instrumen;"
Notes:		"MedlineHepburn, C A Vale, P Brown, A S Simms, N J McAdam, E J eng Netherlands 2015/05/13 Talanta. 2015 Aug 15; 141:128-36. doi: 10.1016/j.talanta.2015.03.063. Epub 2015 Apr 4"