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Med Vet Entomol

Title:		Evaluation of extracts and oils of tick-repellent plants from Sweden
Author(s):		Jaenson TG; Palsson K; Borg-Karlson AK;
Address:		"Medical Entomology Unit, Evolutionary Biology Centre, Uppsala University, Sweden. Thomas.Jaenson@ebc.uu.se"
Journal Title:		Med Vet Entomol
Year:		2005
Volume:		19
Issue:		4
Page Number:		345 - 352
DOI:		10.1111/j.1365-2915.2005.00578.x
ISSN/ISBN:		0269-283X (Print) 0269-283X (Linking)
Abstract:		"Abstract. Leaves of Myrica gale Linnaeus (Myricaceae), Rhododendron tomentosum (Stokes) H. Harmaja (formerly Ledum palustre Linnaeus: Ericaceae) and Artemisia absinthium Linnaeus (Asteraceae) were extracted with organic solvents of different polarities and the essential oils of leaves were obtained by steam distillation. The extracts or oils were tested in the laboratory for repellency against host-seeking nymphs of Ixodes ricinus Linnaeus (Acari: Ixodidae). Rhododendron tomentosum oil, 10%, diluted in acetone, exhibited 95% repellency; R. tomentosum and A. absinthium extracts in ethyl acetate, > 70% repellency; A. absinthium extract in hexane, approximately 62% repellency; and M. gale oil, 10%, approximately 50% repellency on I. ricinus nymphs. Compounds in the leaf extracts or in the oils were collected by solid phase microextraction (SPME) and identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and/or MS. Characteristic volatiles detected from oil or extract of M. gale were the monoterpenes 1,8-cineole, alpha-terpineol, 4-terpineol and thujenol; and of R. tomentosum myrcene and palustrol. Characteristic volatiles from leaf extracts of A. absinthium were sabinene, oxygenated monoterpenes, e.g. thujenol and linalool, and geranyl acetate. Each plant species synthesized numerous volatiles known to exhibit acaricidal, insecticidal, 'pesticidal' and/or arthropod repellent properties. These plants may be useful sources of chemicals for the control of arthropods of medical, veterinary or agricultural importance"
Keywords:		Animals *Artemisia absinthium Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Ixodes/*drug effects *Ledum *Myrica Plant Extracts/chemistry/toxicity Plant Leaves/*chemistry Plant Oils/*chemistry/toxicity *Rhododendron Sweden Terpenes/isolation & purification;
Notes:		"MedlineJaenson, T G T Palsson, K Borg-Karlson, A-K eng Comparative Study Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't England 2005/12/13 Med Vet Entomol. 2005 Dec; 19(4):345-52. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2915.2005.00578.x"