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J Chem Ecol

Title:		Sex pheromone of the scarab beetle Phyllophaga elenans and some intriguing minor components
Author(s):		Leal WS; Oehlschlager AC; Zarbin PH; Hidalgo E; Shannon PJ; Murata Y; Gonzalez L; Andrade R; Ono M;
Address:		"Department of Entomology, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA. wsleal@ucdavis.edu"
Journal Title:		J Chem Ecol
Year:		2003
Volume:		29
Issue:		1
Page Number:		15 - 25
DOI:		10.1023/a:1021916327715
ISSN/ISBN:		0098-0331 (Print) 0098-0331 (Linking)
Abstract:		"Three amino acid-derived compounds were identified in extracts from the pheromone glands of the scarab beetle Phyllophaga elenans, i.e., L-isoleucine methyl ester (LIME), N-formyl L-isoleucine methyl ester (For-LIME), and N-acetyl L-isoleucine methyl ester (Ac-LIME). The compounds were characterized from their spectral data (MS and IR), confirmed by synthesis, and their absolute configurations were assigned by gas chromatography with a chiral phase column. The amount of LIME in calling females was ca. 2 microg/gland, whereas only traces of For-LIME and Ac-LIME (0.005% of LIME) were detected in fresh extracts. Regardless of the storage temperature, the amounts of the minor constituents in the extracts increased overtime. Field tests showed that traps baited with For-LIME captured more beetles than control traps. Ac-LIME per se was not attractive, and it did not increase trap catches when combined with For-LIME. Traps baited with LIME caught ca. 150 beetles/trap/day, but catches did not increase with the addition of For-LIME and/or Ac-LIME in binary or tertiary blends"
Keywords:		"Animals Coleoptera/*physiology Exocrine Glands/chemistry Female Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Isoleucine/*analogs & derivatives/chemistry/*pharmacology Male Sex Attractants/chemistry/*pharmacology Sexual Behavior, Animal;"
Notes:		"MedlineLeal, Walter S Oehlschlager, Allan C Zarbin, Paulo H G Hidalgo, Eduardo Shannon, Philip J Murata, Yasuhiro Gonzalez, Lilliana Andrade, Romano Ono, Mikio eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. 2003/03/22 J Chem Ecol. 2003 Jan; 29(1):15-25. doi: 10.1023/a:1021916327715"