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Environ Entomol

Title:		Activity evaluation of cocoa pod borer sex pheromone in cacao fields
Author(s):		Zhang A; Kuang LF; Maisin N; Karumuru B; Hall DR; Virdiana I; Lambert S; Bin Purung H; Wang S; Hebbar P;
Address:		"USDA-ARS, Invasive Insect Biocontrol and Behavior Laboratory, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center-West, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA. aijun.zhang@ars.usda.gov"
Journal Title:		Environ Entomol
Year:		2008
Volume:		37
Issue:		3
Page Number:		719 - 724
DOI:		10.1603/0046-225x(2008)37[719:aeocpb]2.0.co;2
ISSN/ISBN:		0046-225X (Print) 0046-225X (Linking)
Abstract:		"The previously identified female sex pheromone of cocoa pod borer, Conopomorpha cramerella, was re-evaluated for its attractive activity in different field conditions. It was found that lures containing 100-mug of synthetic sex pheromone blend, (E,Z,Z)- and (E,E,Z)-4,6,10-hexadecatrienyl acetates, and the corresponding alcohols in a ratio of 40:60:4:6 in a polyethylene vial attracted male C. cramerella moths in Sabah and peninsular Malaysia and in Sumatra and Sulawesi, Indonesia, suggesting that the same pheromone strain existed in a wide stretch of the Indo-Malayan archipelago. Of the three kinds of trap designs tested, the Delta traps were more effective than Pherocon V scale traps. Male captures were not significantly different among traps baited with 100-, 300-, or 1,000-mug doses of sex pheromone. A release rate study of pheromone formulation conducted in the laboratory showed that volatile active ingredients were desorbed from polyethylene vials following first-order kinetics, which indicates a satisfactory 'half-life time' of a 100-mug loading is approximately 6 wk under laboratory conditions. A satisfactory attractiveness of the lure with a 100-mug loading was approximately 1-2 mo in the fields"
Keywords:		Animals *Appetitive Behavior Cacao/parasitology Female Indonesia Malaysia Male Moths/*physiology Sex Attractants/*physiology;
Notes:		"MedlineZhang, Aijun Kuang, Lip Foo Maisin, Navies Karumuru, Bhanu Hall, David R Virdiana, Ike Lambert, Smilja Bin Purung, Hussin Wang, Shifa Hebbar, Prakash eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. England 2008/06/19 Environ Entomol. 2008 Jun; 37(3):719-24. doi: 10.1603/0046-225x(2008)37[719:aeocpb]2.0.co; 2"