| Title: | "Characteristics and health risk assessment of volatile organic compounds emitted from interior materials in vehicles: a case study from Nanjing, China" |
| Address: | "Nanjing University & Yancheng Academy of Environmental Protection Technology and Engineering, Yancheng, 224000, China. xingliqun1821@126.com. Institute of Water Environmental Engineering, Jiangsu Industrial Technology Research Institute, Yancheng, 224000, China. xingliqun1821@126.com. Nanjing University & Yancheng Academy of Environmental Protection Technology and Engineering, Yancheng, 224000, China. Institute of Water Environmental Engineering, Jiangsu Industrial Technology Research Institute, Yancheng, 224000, China. School of Resources and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, China. zhangrui88222@126.com" |
| Journal Title: | Environ Sci Pollut Res Int |
| DOI: | 10.1007/s11356-018-1661-7 |
| ISSN/ISBN: | 1614-7499 (Electronic) 0944-1344 (Linking) |
| Abstract: | "It has become a great habit for driving to work in people's daily life in China. In order to understand the concentration of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in vehicles and the health risks related to inhalation exposure to VOCs, this study investigated the pollution characteristics and health risks posed by VOCs emitted from interior materials in vehicles. A total of 47 of 62 VOCs were studied, using 23 randomly selected vehicles of different brands in Nanjing city, China. The potential cancer and non-cancer health risks associated with VOC inhalation were assessed based on conventional approaches proposed by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). The mean concentration of total VOCs was 1126.85 mug/m(3), with a range of 321.29 to 2321.94 mug/m(3). Of these, halohydrocarbons and aromatic hydrocarbons were the dominant components of the detected VOCs. The concentrations of several individual VOC exceeded more than 100 mug/m(3). The individual mean cancer risks for the 17 health-related VOCs ranged from 4.64 x 10(-10) to 1.09 x 10(-4), with a cumulative risk of 1.61 x 10(-4). The mean cancer risks associated with naphthalene, chloroform, 1,4-dichlorobenzene, and 1,2-dibromoethylene were 1.09 x 10(-4), 1.61 x 10(-5), 1.11 x 10(-5), and 1.07 x 10(-5), respectively. These risks are higher than the acceptable risk levels defined by the USEPA and the World Health Organization (WHO). Of these, naphthalene was regarded as having a 'definite risk'; chloroform, 1,4-dichlorobenzene, and 1,2-dibromoethylene were regarded as having a 'probable risk'; and 1,2-dichloroethane and carbon tetrachloride were regarded as having 'possible risk.' The individual mean non-cancer risks associated with 28 health-related VOCs and total VOCs were within acceptable ranges; naphthalene was the dominant pollutant" |
| Keywords: | Air Pollutants/analysis/*toxicity China Environmental Monitoring Humans *Inhalation Exposure/analysis *Motor Vehicles Neoplasms/etiology Random Allocation Risk Assessment Volatile Organic Compounds/analysis/*toxicity Health risk assessment Interior materi; |
| Notes: | "MedlineXing, Liqun Wang, Lichao Zhang, Rui eng Germany 2018/03/16 Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2018 May; 25(15):14789-14798. doi: 10.1007/s11356-018-1661-7. Epub 2018 Mar 14" |
