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J Agric Food Chem

Title:		Investigation of the volatile composition of pinotage wines fermented with different malolactic starter cultures using comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography coupled to time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GCxGC-TOF-MS)
Author(s):		Vestner J; Malherbe S; du Toit M; Nieuwoudt HH; Mostafa A; Gorecki T; Tredoux AG; de Villiers A;
Address:		"Deparment of Chemistry and Polymer Science, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1, Matieland, Stellenbosch 7602, South Africa"
Journal Title:		J Agric Food Chem
Year:		2011
Volume:		20111130
Issue:		24
Page Number:		12732 - 12744
DOI:		10.1021/jf2028208
ISSN/ISBN:		1520-5118 (Electronic) 0021-8561 (Linking)
Abstract:		"Headspace solid phase microextraction in combination with comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography coupled to time-of-flight mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC x GC-TOF-MS) was used for the detailed investigation of the impact of malolactic fermentation (MLF) using three commercial Oenococcus oeni strains on the volatile composition of Vitis vinifera cv. Pinotage wines. GC x GC allowed the identification of 115 volatile compounds, including both major constituents and trace-level compounds, in a single analysis. A number of compounds differing in mean concentration levels between the control wines and those fermented with different starter cultures were shown for the first time to be influenced by MLF and/or the bacterial strain. Principal component analysis (PCA) provided excellent separation between the wines fermented with different MLF starter cultures and the control wine. Significantly different levels for some volatile compounds in wines fermented with one of the LAB starter cultures could be indicative of metabolic differences of this strain"
Keywords:		*Fermentation Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry/*methods Odorants/analysis Oenococcus/*metabolism Vitis Volatile Organic Compounds/*analysis Wine/*analysis/microbiology;
Notes:		"MedlineVestner, Jochen Malherbe, Sulette Du Toit, Maret Nieuwoudt, Helene H Mostafa, Ahmed Gorecki, Tadeusz Tredoux, Andreas G J de Villiers, Andre eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't 2011/10/26 J Agric Food Chem. 2011 Dec 28; 59(24):12732-44. doi: 10.1021/jf2028208. Epub 2011 Nov 30"