« Previous AbstractChemical composition and antioxidant activity of the volatile fraction extracted from air-dried fruits of Tunisian Eryngium maritimum L. ecotypes    Next Abstract"Chemical Composition, Toxicity and Repellency of Inula graveolens Essential Oils from Roots and Aerial Parts against Stored-Product Beetle Tribolium castaneum (Herbst)" »

Int J Mol Sci

Title:		Date Palm Trees Root-Derived Endophytes as Fungal Cell Factories for Diverse Bioactive Metabolites
Author(s):		Ben Mefteh F; Daoud A; Chenari Bouket A; Thissera B; Kadri Y; Cherif-Silini H; Eshelli M; Alenezi FN; Vallat A; Oszako T; Kadri A; Ros-Garcia JM; Rateb ME; Gharsallah N; Belbahri L;
Address:		"Faculty of Science, B.P. 1171, 3000, University of Sfax, 3029 Sfax, Tunisia. fedia.benmefteh@gmail.com. Faculty of Science, B.P. 1171, 3000, University of Sfax, 3029 Sfax, Tunisia. amal.daoud42@gmail.com. Plant Protection Research Department, East Azarbaijan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, 5153715898 Tabriz, Iran. ali.chenari.bouket@hotmail.com. School of Science and Sport, University of the West of Scotland, Paisley PA1 2BE, UK. bathinifirst@gmail.com. Labroratory of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, University of Sfax,95, 3052 Sfax, Tunisia. Kadriamina2@gmail.com. Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Natural and Life Sciences, Ferhat Abbas University, 19000 Setif, Algeria. cherifhafsa@yahoo.fr. School of Science and Sport, University of the West of Scotland, Paisley PA1 2BE, UK. M.Eshelli@hotmail.com. Department of Food Science & Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tripoli, 13275 Tripoli, Libya. M.Eshelli@hotmail.com. NextBiotech, 98 Rue Ali Belhouane, 3030 Agareb, Tunisia. falenezi@abdn.ac.uk. Neuchatel Platform of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of Neuchatel, 2000 Neuchatel, Switzerland. armelle.vallat@unine.ch. Forest Research Institute, 05-090 Raszyn, Poland. T.Oszako@ibles.waw.pl. Faculty of Science, B.P. 1171, 3000, University of Sfax, 3029 Sfax, Tunisia. lukadel@yahoo.fr. Department of Food Science & Technology and Human Nutrition, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain. jmros@um.es. School of Science and Sport, University of the West of Scotland, Paisley PA1 2BE, UK. Mostafa.Rateb@uws.ac.uk. Faculty of Science, B.P. 1171, 3000, University of Sfax, 3029 Sfax, Tunisia. Neji.Gharsallah@fss.rnu.tn. NextBiotech, 98 Rue Ali Belhouane, 3030 Agareb, Tunisia. lassaad.belbahri@unine.ch. Laboratory of Soil Biology, University of Neuchatel, 2000 Neuchatel, Switzerland. lassaad.belbahri@unine.ch"
Journal Title:		Int J Mol Sci
Year:		2018
Volume:		20180707
Issue:		7
Page Number:		-
DOI:		10.3390/ijms19071986
ISSN/ISBN:		1422-0067 (Electronic) 1422-0067 (Linking)
Abstract:		"Endophytic fungi of healthy and brittle leaf diseased (BLD) date palm trees (Phoenix dactylifera L.) represent a promising source of bioactive compounds with biomedical, industrial, and pharmaceutical applications. The fungal endophytes Penicillium citrinum isolate TDPEF34, and Geotrichum candidum isolate TDPEF20 from healthy and BLD date palm trees, respectively, proved very effective in confrontation assays against three pathogenic bacteria, including two Gram-positive bacteria Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) and Enterococcus faecalis (Ef), and one Gram-negative bacterium Salmonella enterica (St). They also inhibited the growth of three fungi Trichoderma sp. (Ti), Fusarium sporotrichioides (Fs), Trichoderma sp. (Ts). Additionally, their volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were shown to be in part responsible for the inhibition of Ti and Ts and could account for the full inhibition of Fs. Therefore, we have explored their potential as fungal cell factories for bioactive metabolites production. Four extracts of each endophyte were prepared using different solvent polarities, ethanol (EtOH), ethyl acetate (EtOAc), hexane (Hex), and methanol (MetOH). Both endophyte species showed varying degrees of inhibition of the bacterial and fungal pathogens according to the solvent used. These results suggest a good relationship between fungal bioactivities and their produced secondary metabolites. Targeting the discovery of potential anti-diabetic, anti-hemolysis, anti-inflammatory, anti-obesity, and cytotoxic activities, endophytic extracts showed promising results. The EtOAc extract of G. candidum displayed IC(50) value comparable to the positive control diclofenac sodium in the anti-inflammatory assays. Antioxidant activity was evaluated using alpha,alpha-diphenyl-beta-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), beta-carotene bleaching, reducing power (RP), and 2,2-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonique) (ABTS) radical scavenging assays. The findings revealed strong anti-oxidant power with an IC(50) of 177.55 microg/mL for G. candidum EtOAc extract using DPPH assay, probably due to high polyphenol and flavonoid content in both fungal extracts. Finally, LC-HRMS (Liquid Chromatography-High Resolution Mass Spectrometry) and GC-MS (Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry) analysis of G. candidum and P. citrinum extracts revealed an impressive arsenal of compounds with previously reported biological activities, partly explaining the obtained results. Finally, LC-HRMS analysis indicated the presence of new fungal metabolites that have never been reported, which represent good candidates to follow for the discovery of new bioactive molecules"
Keywords:		Anti-Bacterial Agents/metabolism/pharmacology Antifungal Agents/metabolism/pharmacology Endophytes/chemistry/isolation & purification/metabolism Fungal Proteins/metabolism/*pharmacology Geotrichum/chemistry/*isolation & purification/metabolism Gram-Negati;
Notes:		"MedlineBen Mefteh, Fedia Daoud, Amal Chenari Bouket, Ali Thissera, Bathini Kadri, Yamina Cherif-Silini, Hafsa Eshelli, Manal Alenezi, Faizah N Vallat, Armelle Oszako, Tomasz Kadri, Adel Ros-Garcia, Jose Maria Rateb, Mostafa E Gharsallah, Neji Belbahri, Lassaad eng Switzerland 2018/07/11 Int J Mol Sci. 2018 Jul 7; 19(7):1986. doi: 10.3390/ijms19071986"