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Metabolites

Title:		"Insect-induced daidzein, formononetin and their conjugates in soybean leaves"
Author(s):		Murakami S; Nakata R; Aboshi T; Yoshinaga N; Teraishi M; Okumoto Y; Ishihara A; Morisaka H; Huffaker A; Schmelz EA; Mori N;
Address:		"Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan. murakami.shinichiro.85e@st.kyoto-u.ac.jp. Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan. nakata.ryu.ski@gmail.com. Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan. frecher@kais.kyoto-u.ac.jp. Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan. yoshinaga.naoko.5v@kyoto-u.ac.jp. Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan. temple@kais.kyoto-u.ac.jp. Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan. okumoto3@kais.kyoto-u.ac.jp. Department of Agriculture, Tottori University, Koyama-machi 4-101, Tottori 680-8550, Japan. aishihara@muses.tottori-u.ac.jp. Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan. morisaka@kais.kyoto-u.ac.jp. Center for Medical, Agricultural, and Veterinary Entomology, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, 1600 S.W. 23RD Drive, Gainesville, FL 32606, USA. alisa.huffaker@ars.usda.gov. Center for Medical, Agricultural, and Veterinary Entomology, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, 1600 S.W. 23RD Drive, Gainesville, FL 32606, USA. Eric.Schmelz@ars.usda.gov. Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan. mori.naoki.8a@kyoto-u.ac.jp"
Journal Title:		Metabolites
Year:		2014
Volume:		20140704
Issue:		3
Page Number:		532 - 546
DOI:		10.3390/metabo4030532
ISSN/ISBN:		2218-1989 (Print) 2218-1989 (Electronic) 2218-1989 (Linking)
Abstract:		"In response to attack by bacterial pathogens, soybean (Gylcine max) leaves accumulate isoflavone aglucones, isoflavone glucosides, and glyceollins. In contrast to pathogens, the dynamics of related insect-inducible metabolites in soybean leaves remain poorly understood. In this study, we analyzed the biochemical responses of soybean leaves to Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) herbivory and also S. litura gut contents, which contain oral secretion elicitors. Following S. litura herbivory, soybean leaves displayed an induced accumulation of the flavone and isoflavone aglycones 4',7-dihyroxyflavone, daidzein, and formononetin, and also the isoflavone glucoside daidzin. Interestingly, foliar application of S. litura oral secretions also elicited the accumulation of isoflavone aglycones (daidzein and formononetin), isoflavone 7-O-glucosides (daidzin, ononin), and isoflavone 7-O-(6'-O-malonyl-beta-glucosides) (malonyldaidzin, malonylononin). Consistent with the up-regulation of the isoflavonoid biosynthetic pathway, folair phenylalanine levels also increased following oral secretion treatment. To establish that these metabolitic changes were the result of de novo biosynthesis, we demonstrated that labeled (13C9) phenylalanine was incorporated into the isoflavone aglucones. These results are consistent with the presence of soybean defense elicitors in S. litura oral secretions. We demonstrate that isoflavone aglycones and isoflavone conjugates are induced in soybean leaves, not only by pathogens as previously demonstrated, but also by foliar insect herbivory"
Keywords:
Notes:		"PubMed-not-MEDLINEMurakami, Shinichiro Nakata, Ryu Aboshi, Takako Yoshinaga, Naoko Teraishi, Masayoshi Okumoto, Yutaka Ishihara, Atsushi Morisaka, Hironobu Huffaker, Alisa Schmelz, Eric A Mori, Naoki eng Switzerland 2014/07/08 Metabolites. 2014 Jul 4; 4(3):532-46. doi: 10.3390/metabo4030532"