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An Acad Bras Cienc

Title:		"The iconic cactus of the Caatinga dry forest, Cereus jamacaru (Cactaceae) has high sphingophily specialization and pollinator dependence"
Author(s):		Albuquerque-Lima S; Domingos-Melo A; Milet-Pinheiro P; Navarro D; Taylor NP; Zappi DC; Machado IC;
Address:		"Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Biologia Vegetal, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Departamento de Botanica, Laboratorio de Biologia Floral e Reprodutiva - POLINIZAR, Avenida Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235, Cidade Universitaria, 50670-901 Recife, PE, Brazil. Universidade de Pernambuco, Laboratorio de Ecologia, Campus Petrolina, Rodovia BR 203, Km 2, s/n, Vila Eduardo, 56328-900 Petrolina, PE, Brazil. Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Departamento de Quimica Fundamental, Laboratorio de Ecologia Quimica, Avenida Prof. Moraes Rego, 1235, Cidade Universitaria, 50670-901 Recife, PE, Brazil. University of Gibraltar, Gibraltar Botanic Gardens Campus, 'The Alameda', Red Sands Road, PO Box 843, Gibraltar GX11 1AA. Universidade de Brasilia, Secretaria da Coordenacao de Pos-Graduacao em Botanica, Caixa Postal 04457, 70919-970 Brasilia, DF, Brazil"
Journal Title:		An Acad Bras Cienc
Year:		2023
Volume:		20230828
Issue:		suppl 1
Page Number:		e20220460 -
DOI:		10.1590/0001-3765202320220460
ISSN/ISBN:		1678-2690 (Electronic) 0001-3765 (Linking)
Abstract:		"Cereus jamacaru is a cactus distributed in Northeastern Brazil, with high symbolic value to this region. However, the interaction, behavior and the role of pollinators remains poorly understood. Here, we investigate the reproductive biology, addressing the ecological significance of floral attributes, including details about floral signaling. The study was carried at three areas of the Caatinga, in 2015, 2017 and 2021. We analyzed the floral morphometry, volume and concentration of the nectar, and characterized the colour and scent of flowers. Additionally, we described the pollinator behavior and performed controlled pollination experiments. The 'Mandacaru' is self-incompatible, has nocturnal anthesis and the nectar is accumulated as droplets in a long hypanthial tube. The flowers have a reflective pattern with a dark outer surface and a white inner surface. (E)-nerolidol is the major component (87.4%) of its floral perfume. We registered the sphingid moth Cocytius antaeus visiting the flowers. The floral attributes, attractants and rewards drives to a sphingophily, and the pollination treatments showed the dependence to fruit set by C. antaeus, the pollinator registered. In this case, if the apparent lack of pollinator diversity encompasses its entire range, the loss of the hawkmoth could severely impact the reproductive success of the cactus"
Keywords:		*Cactaceae Plant Nectar Brazil Excipients Forests;
Notes:		"MedlineAlbuquerque-Lima, Sinzinando Domingos-Melo, Arthur Milet-Pinheiro, Paulo Navarro, Daniela Maria DO Amaral Ferraz Taylor, Nigel P Zappi, Daniela C Machado, Isabel C eng Brazil 2023/08/30 An Acad Bras Cienc. 2023 Aug 28; 95(suppl 1):e20220460. doi: 10.1590/0001-3765202320220460. eCollection 2023"