| Title: | Field evaluation of glutathione and glutamic acid as host marking pheromones for control of Tephritid fruit flies in a mango orchard in Kenya |
| Author(s): | Cheseto X; Kirwa H; Mohamed SA; Ekesi S; Beck JJ; Torto B; |
| Address: | "International Center of Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE), Nairobi, Kenya. Chemistry Research Unit, Center for Medical, Agricultural and Veterinary Entomology, Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture, Gainesville, Florida, USA" |
| ISSN/ISBN: | 1526-4998 (Electronic) 1526-498X (Linking) |
| Abstract: | "BACKGROUND: Tephritid fruit flies are a major constraint to the global production of horticultural crops. In Africa, an array of native and alien invasive fruit fly species represents a key challenge to the horticultural industry. In an effort to develop a safer management tool for these pests, we previously identified glutathione (GSH) and glutamic acid (GA), as the host marking pheromones (HMPs) of Ceratitis cosyra and Ceratitis rosa, respectively. Here, we report on the effectiveness of these compounds (GSH and GA) in reducing natural fruit fly population infestations in mango orchards. Mango trees at two different agroecological zones in Kenya were sprayed with HMPs, and the fruits sampled periodically and assessed for fruit fly emergence. Fruit fly emergence data were compared to two controls, the positive control using spot spraying of food bait (SS), and the negative control using water (W). RESULTS: The two HMPs and SS substantially decreased fruit fly emergence from the sampled mangoes. GSH and GA treated mangoes showed reduced C. cosyra and C. rosa infestation by ~70-75% relative to control (W), and with variation noted in the pheromone applied and the recovered fruit fly species. The adult emergence in pheromone-treated plants compared favorably with the positive control SS. However, the HMPs had little impact on reducing Bactrocera dorsalis infestation of mangoes. CONCLUSION: The decrease in fruit fly emergence in sampled mango fruits from HMP treated trees corroborate previous laboratory results and support the prospect of using HMPs in the management of African fruit fly species. (c) 2022 Society of Chemical Industry" |
| Keywords: | Animals *Mangifera Glutamic Acid Kenya Pheromones *Tephritidae Drosophila Glutathione Ceratitis spp.Tephritid fruit fly host marking pheromone mango; |
| Notes: | "MedlineCheseto, Xavier Kirwa, Hillary Mohamed, Samira Abuelgasim Ekesi, Sunday Beck, John J Torto, Baldwyn eng Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research/ European Commission/ Fideral Democratic Republic of Ethiopia/ Government of the Republic of Kenya/ International Development Research Centre/ Norwegian Agency For Development Cooperation/ Swidish International Development Cooperation Agency/ Swiss Agency for Development Cooperation/ U.S. Department of Agriculture/ England 2022/12/20 Pest Manag Sci. 2023 Apr; 79(4):1585-1592. doi: 10.1002/ps.7331. Epub 2023 Jan 2" |
