« Previous AbstractAssessing pollination disservices of urban street-trees: The case of London-plane tree (Platanus x hispanica Mill. ex Munchh)    Next Abstract"The antennal sensilla of the praying mantis Tenodera aridifolia: a new flagellar partition based on the antennal macro-, micro- and ultrastructures" »

PLoS One

Title:		Antennal development in the praying mantis (Tenodera aridifolia) highlights multitudinous processes in hemimetabolous insect species
Author(s):		Carle T; Yamawaki Y; Watanabe H; Yokohari F;
Address:		"Division of Biology, Department of Earth System Science, Faculty of Science, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan. Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan"
Journal Title:		PLoS One
Year:		2014
Volume:		20140604
Issue:		6
Page Number:		e98324 -
DOI:		10.1371/journal.pone.0098324
ISSN/ISBN:		1932-6203 (Electronic) 1932-6203 (Linking)
Abstract:		"Insects possess antennae equipped with a large number of segments (flagellomeres) on which sensory organs (sensilla) are located. Hemimetabolous insects grow by molting until they reach adulthood. In these species, the sensory structures develop and mature during each stage of development; new flagellomeres are generated at each molt elongating the antennae, and new sensilla appear. The praying mantis (Tenodera aridifolia) is a hemimetabolous insect with 7 different instars before it reaches adulthood. Because their antennae are provided with an atypical sensillar distribution, we previously suggested that their antennae develop with a different mechanism to other hemimetaboulous insect species. In the present study, we measured the number, length and width of flagellomeres along the antennae in nymph and adult mantis Tenodera aridifolia. For this study, we developed a new and innovative methodology to reconstruct the antennal development based on the length of flagellomeres. We observed and confirmed that the antennae of mantises develop with the addition of new segments at two distinct sites. In addition, we constructed a complete database of the features of the flagellum for each stage of development. From our data, we found that sexual dimorphism appears from the 6 instar (larger number and wider flagellomeres in males) in accordance with the appearance of their genital apparatus. The antennal sexual dimorphism completes at adulthood with longer flagellomeres and the emergence of a huge number of grooved peg sensilla in males during the last molting, which suggests once again their function as sex-pheromone receptive sensilla"
Keywords:		Animals Arthropod Antennae/*growth & development Female Male Mantodea/*growth & development Nymph Sensilla/*growth & development Sex Characteristics;
Notes:		"MedlineCarle, Thomas Yamawaki, Yoshifumi Watanabe, Hidehiro Yokohari, Fumio eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't 2014/06/05 PLoS One. 2014 Jun 4; 9(6):e98324. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0098324. eCollection 2014"