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Chem Biodivers

Title:		"Teucrium fruticans L., a Multi-Scale Study: From Trichomes to Essential Oil"
Author(s):		Giuliani C; Bottoni M; Santagostini L; Spada A; Papini A; Milani F; Fico G;
Address:		"Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, Via Mangiagalli 25, 20133, Milan, Italy. Ghirardi Botanic Garden, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, Via Religione 25, 25088 Toscolano Maderno, Brescia, Italy. Department of Chemistry, University of Milan, Via Golgi 19, 20133, Milan, Italy. Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences - Production, Landscape, Agroenergy, University of Milan, Via Celoria 2, 20133, Milan, Italy. Department of Biology, University of Florence, Via La Pira 4, 50121, Florence, Italy"
Journal Title:		Chem Biodivers
Year:		2023
Volume:		20230403
Issue:		4
Page Number:		e202200913 -
DOI:		10.1002/cbdv.202200913
ISSN/ISBN:		1612-1880 (Electronic) 1612-1872 (Linking)
Abstract:		"This work represents the first multi-scale study on Teucrium fruticans L. cultivated at the Ghirardi Botanic Garden (Lombardy, Northern Italy), combining a micromorphological and a phytochemical survey on the plant's aerial parts. Micromorphological investigations, performed by Light Microscopy, Fluorescence Microscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy, highlighted the presence of five trichomes morphotypes, distinguished by a different distribution pattern: peltates, short-stalked and ball-like medium-stalked capitates, ubiquitous on the whole plant, medium-stalked and long-stalked capitates, exclusive to the floral whorls. Both peltates and medium-stalked capitates were recognized as the main terpene production sites. Phytochemical characterization focused on the essential oils (EOs), obtained by Clevenger-type hydrodistillation in February and April 2022 and characterized by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS), which resulted mainly formed by sesquiterpene hydrocarbons. The February EO profile was characterized by beta-caryophyllene (28.30 %) and germacrene D (19.16 %) as main compounds, while in April beta-myrcene was detected at high percentage (13.77 %), in addition to the previous two components (15.72 % and 11.55 %, respectively). Literature data, dealing with the biological activities of the main oil constituents, highlighted an anti-microbial, anti-inflammatory, and anti-tumor potential, due to the high content in sesquiterpenes and, particularly, of beta-caryophyllene and germacrene D"
Keywords:		"*Oils, Volatile/chemistry *Teucrium/chemistry Trichomes/chemistry *Sesquiterpenes/chemistry histochemistry hydrodistillation micromorphology phytochemistry sesquiterpenes;"
Notes:		"MedlineGiuliani, Claudia Bottoni, Martina Santagostini, Laura Spada, Alberto Papini, Alessio Milani, Fabrizia Fico, Gelsomina eng Lr. 25/2016/Lombardy Region/ Switzerland 2023/03/23 Chem Biodivers. 2023 Apr; 20(4):e202200913. doi: 10.1002/cbdv.202200913. Epub 2023 Apr 3"