| Title: | Antifungal Substances Produced by Xenorhabdus bovienii and Its Inhibition Mechanism against Fusarium solani |
| Author(s): | Wang Y; Zhang F; Wang C; Guo P; Han Y; Zhang Y; Sun B; Shan S; Ruan W; Pan J; |
| Address: | "College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China. Institute for Cultural Heritage and History of Science & Technology, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China" |
| ISSN/ISBN: | 1422-0067 (Electronic) 1422-0067 (Linking) |
| Abstract: | "Fungal colonization can severely damage artifacts. Nematode endosymbiotic bacteria exhibit good prospects in protecting artifacts from fungal damage. We previously found that supernatant from the fermentation of nematode endosymbiotic bacterium, Xenorhabdus bovienii, is effective in inhibiting the growth of Fusarium solani NK-NH1, the major disease fungus in the Nanhai No.1 Shipwreck. Further experiments proved that X. bovienii produces volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that inhibit NK-NH1. Here, using metabolomic analysis, GC-MS, and transcriptomic analysis, we explored the antifungal substances and VOCs produced by X. bovienii and investigated the mechanism underlying its inhibitory effect against NK-NH1. We show that X. bovienii produces several metabolites, mainly lipids and lipid-like molecules, organic acids and derivatives, and organoheterocyclic compounds. The VOCs produced by X. bovienii showed two specific absorption peaks, and based on the library ratio results, these were predicted to be of 2-pentanone, 3-(phenylmethylene) and 1-hexen-3-one, 5-methyl-1-phenyl. The inhibition of F. solani by VOCs resulted in upregulation of genes related to ribosome, ribosome biogenesis, and the oxidative phosphorylation and downregulation of many genes associated with cell cycle, meiosis, DNA replication, and autophagy. These results are significant for understanding the inhibitory mechanisms employed by nematode endosymbiotic bacteria and should serve as reference in the protection of artifacts" |
| Keywords: | Animals Antifungal Agents/metabolism/pharmacology Bacteria/metabolism *Fusarium *Nematoda/metabolism *Volatile Organic Compounds/metabolism/pharmacology *Xenorhabdus/genetics Gc-ms antifungal substances cultural heritage disease fungus inhibition mechanis; |
| Notes: | "MedlineWang, Yu Zhang, Fengyu Wang, Cen Guo, Peifeng Han, Yeqing Zhang, Yingting Sun, Bingjiao Shan, Shaojie Ruan, Weibin Pan, Jiao eng 19JCZDJC33700/Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin/ 2017YFE013040/National Key R& D Program of China/ 32171637/National Science Foundation/ Switzerland 2022/08/27 Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Aug 12; 23(16):9040. doi: 10.3390/ijms23169040" |
