| Title: | Elevated CO(2) Concentrations Impact the Semiochemistry of Aphid Honeydew without Having a Cascade Effect on an Aphid Predator |
| Author(s): | Boullis A; Blanchard S; Francis F; Verheggen F; |
| Address: | "Laboratory of Functional and Evolutionary Entomology, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liege (ULg), Passage des deportes, 2-5030 Gembloux, Belgium. aboullis@pasteur-guadeloupe.fr. Laboratory of Functional and Evolutionary Entomology, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liege (ULg), Passage des deportes, 2-5030 Gembloux, Belgium. solene.blanchard@uliege.be. Laboratory of Functional and Evolutionary Entomology, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liege (ULg), Passage des deportes, 2-5030 Gembloux, Belgium. frederic.francis@uliege.be. Laboratory of Functional and Evolutionary Entomology, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liege (ULg), Passage des deportes, 2-5030 Gembloux, Belgium. fverheggen@uliege.be" |
| ISSN/ISBN: | 2075-4450 (Print) 2075-4450 (Electronic) 2075-4450 (Linking) |
| Abstract: | "Honeydew is considered a cornerstone of the interactions between aphids and their natural enemies. Bacteria activity occurring in aphid honeydew typically results in the release of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that are used by the natural enemies of aphids to locate their prey. Because atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO(2)) concentration directly impacts the physiology of plants, we raise the hypothesis that elevated CO(2) concentrations impact the quantity of honeydew produced by aphids, as well as the diversity and quantity of honeydew VOCs, leading to cascade effects on the foraging behavior of aphids' natural enemies. Using solid-phase microextraction, we analyzed the VOCs emitted by honeydew from pea aphids (Acyrthosiphon pisum Harris) reared under 450 +/- 50 ppm of CO(2) (aCO(2)) or 800 +/- 50 ppm CO(2) (eCO(2)). While the total amount of honeydew excreted was only slightly reduced by eCO(2) concentrations, we detected qualitative and quantitative differences in the semiochemistry of aphid honeydew between CO(2) conditions. Three VOCs were not found in the honeydew of eCO(2) aphids: 3-methyl-2-buten-1-ol, 2-methyl-1-butanol, and isobutanol. However, no difference was observed in the searching and oviposition behaviors of hoverfly (Episyrphus balteatus (De Geer)) females exposed to plants covered with honeydew originating from the different CO(2) conditions. The present work showed the effect of a particular aspect of atmospheric changes, and should be extended to other abiotic parameters, such as temperature" |
| Keywords: | Acyrthosiphon pisum Episyrphus balteatus carbon dioxide climate change honeydew production searching behavior volatile organic compounds; |
| Notes: | "PubMed-not-MEDLINEBoullis, Antoine Blanchard, Solene Francis, Frederic Verheggen, Francois eng Switzerland 2018/04/21 Insects. 2018 Apr 20; 9(2):47. doi: 10.3390/insects9020047" |
