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J Appl Microbiol

Title:		"Antifungal, anti-oomycete and phytotoxic effects of volatile organic compounds from the endophytic fungus Xylaria sp. strain PB3f3 isolated from Haematoxylon brasiletto"
Author(s):		Sanchez-Ortiz BL; Sanchez-Fernandez RE; Duarte G; Lappe-Oliveras P; Macias-Rubalcava ML;
Address:		"Instituto de Quimica, Departamento de Productos Naturales, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (UNAM), Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacan, Mexico. Facultad de Quimica, Unidad de Servicios de Apoyo a la Investigacion, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (UNAM), Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacan, Mexico. Instituto de Biologia, Departamento de Botanica, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (UNAM), Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacan, Mexico"
Journal Title:		J Appl Microbiol
Year:		2016
Volume:		20160404
Issue:		5
Page Number:		1313 - 1325
DOI:		10.1111/jam.13101
ISSN/ISBN:		1365-2672 (Electronic) 1364-5072 (Linking)
Abstract:		"AIMS: To determine the antifungal, anti-oomycete and phytotoxic activity; and chemical composition of the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) produced by endophytic fungus Xylaria sp. PB3f3 isolated from Haematoxylon brasiletto Karst. METHODS AND RESULTS: Bioactivity and chemical composition of the VOCs from Xylaria sp. PB3f3 were established by using simple and multiple antagonism bioassays, and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, respectively. The results showed that Xylaria sp. PB3f3 inhibited the growth of the oomycetes Pythium aphanidermatum (78.3%), Phytophthora capsici (48.3%), and the fungi Alternaria solani (24.5%) and Fusarium oxysporum (24.2%), in multiple antagonism bioassays. Volatile organic compounds, produced at 20 and 30 days of fungal growth, inhibited root elongation on Amaranthus hypochondriacus (27.6%) and on Solanum lycopersicum (53.2%). Forty VOCs were identified at 10, 20 and 30 days in Xylaria sp. PB3f3 cultures. The compounds with the highest fibre affinity were: 3-methyl-1-butanol and thujopsene, at 10 days of fungal growth; an unidentified amine and 2-methyl-1-butanol at 20 days; and 2-methyl-1-propanol at 30 days. In the gas phase assay method 2-methyl-1-propanol and 2-methyl-1-butanol showed significant inhibitory effects on root elongation and germination of Am. hypochondriacus and S. lycopersicum. CONCLUSIONS: Xylaria sp. PB3f3 and its VOCs showed significant phytotoxic effects on root elongation and germination of Am. hypochondriacus and S. lycopersicum. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: The genus Xylaria produces a great variety of secondary metabolites, but, up date, there are no reports of the identification of bioactive volatile compounds. Thus, Xylaria sp. PB3f3 and its VOCs are a possible candidate for the biological control of weeds"
Keywords:		Alternaria/drug effects/growth & development Antifungal Agents/isolation & purification/metabolism/*pharmacology Fabaceae/*microbiology Fusarium/drug effects/growth & development Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Microbial Sensitivity Tests Oomycetes/d;
Notes:		"MedlineSanchez-Ortiz, B L Sanchez-Fernandez, R E Duarte, G Lappe-Oliveras, P Macias-Rubalcava, M L eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't England 2016/02/28 J Appl Microbiol. 2016 May; 120(5):1313-25. doi: 10.1111/jam.13101. Epub 2016 Apr 4"