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Environ Toxicol Chem

Title:		Obtaining quantitative vapor emissions estimates of polychlorinated biphenyls and other semivolatile organic compounds from contaminated sites
Author(s):		Mills WJ; Bennett ER; Schmidt CE; Thibodeaux LJ;
Address:		"Mills Consulting, 815 South Grove Avenue, Oak Park, Illinois 60304, USA. wmills@mills-consulting.com"
Journal Title:		Environ Toxicol Chem
Year:		2004
Volume:		23
Issue:		10
Page Number:		2457 - 2464
DOI:		10.1897/03-384
ISSN/ISBN:		0730-7268 (Print) 0730-7268 (Linking)
Abstract:		"Soils contaminated with polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and other semivolatile organic compounds (SVOCs) represent a potentially major, ongoing source of these compounds to the environment, especially during warmer temperatures. A great deal of work has been devoted to understanding the mechanisms that govern the vaporization of SVOCs from soil, but to date, few quantitative estimates have been published regarding emissions from contaminated sites. The present paper describes methods for obtaining quantitative estimates of SVOCs from soils based on flux chamber measurements, modeling, and ambient air measurements. On wet (i.e., H2O) soils, SVOCs at very low chemical loading levels on the adsorption sites (the so-called critical chemical concentration, critical loading, or saturation concentration) will behave, for volatilization purposes, as the pure-liquid substance would. For one soil, the PCB critical concentration was determined to be 775 ppm (95% confidence interval, 5.40E+02). Flux chamber-measured emissions from two contaminated sites were used and compared to model estimated values. The results agree reasonably well and indicate that the modeling approach used provided a conservative upper bound on the emissions. These approaches can be used to develop emissions estimates for SVOC-contaminated sites and inputs to air dispersion models"
Keywords:		Air Air Movements Environmental Pollutants/*analysis Forecasting Polychlorinated Biphenyls/*analysis/*chemistry Temperature Volatilization;
Notes:		"MedlineMills, William J Bennett, Erin R Schmidt, Charles E Thibodeaux, Louis J eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. 2004/10/30 Environ Toxicol Chem. 2004 Oct; 23(10):2457-64. doi: 10.1897/03-384"