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J Chem Ecol

Title:		Mycorrhiza-induced resistance and priming of plant defenses
Author(s):		Jung SC; Martinez-Medina A; Lopez-Raez JA; Pozo MJ;
Address:		"Department of Soil Microbiology and Symbiotic Systems, Estacion Experimental del Zaidin (EEZ), CSIC, Prof. Albareda 1, 18008, Granada, Spain"
Journal Title:		J Chem Ecol
Year:		2012
Volume:		20120524
Issue:		6
Page Number:		651 - 664
DOI:		10.1007/s10886-012-0134-6
ISSN/ISBN:		1573-1561 (Electronic) 0098-0331 (Linking)
Abstract:		"Symbioses between plants and beneficial soil microorganisms like arbuscular-mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are known to promote plant growth and help plants to cope with biotic and abiotic stresses. Profound physiological changes take place in the host plant upon root colonization by AMF affecting the interactions with a wide range of organisms below- and above-ground. Protective effects of the symbiosis against pathogens, pests, and parasitic plants have been described for many plant species, including agriculturally important crop varieties. Besides mechanisms such as improved plant nutrition and competition, experimental evidence supports a major role of plant defenses in the observed protection. During mycorrhiza establishment, modulation of plant defense responses occurs thus achieving a functional symbiosis. As a consequence of this modulation, a mild, but effective activation of the plant immune responses seems to occur, not only locally but also systemically. This activation leads to a primed state of the plant that allows a more efficient activation of defense mechanisms in response to attack by potential enemies. Here, we give an overview of the impact on interactions between mycorrhizal plants and pathogens, herbivores, and parasitic plants, and we summarize the current knowledge of the underlying mechanisms. We focus on the priming of jasmonate-regulated plant defense mechanisms that play a central role in the induction of resistance by arbuscular mycorrhizas"
Keywords:		Animals Cyclopentanes/immunology Herbivory *Host-Pathogen Interactions Insecta/*physiology Mycorrhizae/*physiology Oxylipins/immunology Plant Diseases/immunology/microbiology/parasitology Plant Immunity Plant Physiological Phenomena Plant Roots/immunology;
Notes:		"MedlineJung, Sabine C Martinez-Medina, Ainhoa Lopez-Raez, Juan A Pozo, Maria J eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Review 2012/05/25 J Chem Ecol. 2012 Jun; 38(6):651-64. doi: 10.1007/s10886-012-0134-6. Epub 2012 May 24"