| Title: | Exhaled breath profiling enables discrimination of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma |
| Author(s): | Fens N; Zwinderman AH; van der Schee MP; de Nijs SB; Dijkers E; Roldaan AC; Cheung D; Bel EH; Sterk PJ; |
| Address: | "Department of Respiratory Medicine, F5-260, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, P.O. Box 22700, Amsterdam NL-1100 DE, The Netherlands. N.Fens@amc.nl" |
| Journal Title: | Am J Respir Crit Care Med |
| DOI: | 10.1164/rccm.200906-0939OC |
| ISSN/ISBN: | 1535-4970 (Electronic) 1073-449X (Linking) |
| Abstract: | "RATIONALE: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma can exhibit overlapping clinical features. Exhaled air contains volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that may qualify as noninvasive biomarkers. VOC profiles can be assessed using integrative analysis by electronic nose, resulting in exhaled molecular fingerprints (breathprints). OBJECTIVES: We hypothesized that breathprints by electronic nose can discriminate patients with COPD and asthma. METHODS: Ninety subjects participated in a cross-sectional study: 30 patients with COPD (age, 61.6 +/- 9.3 years; FEV(1), 1.72 +/- 0.69 L), 20 patients with asthma (age, 35.4 +/- 15.1 years; FEV(1) 3.32 +/- 0.86 L), 20 nonsmoking control subjects (age, 56.7 +/- 9.3 years; FEV(1), 3.44 +/- 0.76 L), and 20 smoking control subjects (age, 56.1 +/- 5.9 years; FEV(1), 3.58 +/- 0.78). After 5 minutes of tidal breathing through an inspiratory VOC filter, an expiratory vital capacity was collected in a Tedlar bag and sampled by electronic nose. Breathprints were analyzed by discriminant analysis on principal component reduction resulting in cross-validated accuracy values (accuracy). Repeatability and reproducibility were assessed by measuring samples in duplicate by two devices. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Breathprints from patients with asthma were separated from patients with COPD (accuracy 96%; P < 0.001), from nonsmoking control subjects (accuracy, 95%; P < 0.001), and from smoking control subjects (accuracy, 92.5%; P < 0.001). Exhaled breath profiles of patients with COPD partially overlapped with those of asymptomatic smokers (accuracy, 66%; P = 0.006). Measurements were repeatable and reproducible. CONCLUSIONS: Molecular profiling of exhaled air can distinguish patients with COPD and asthma and control subjects. Our data demonstrate a potential of electronic noses in the differential diagnosis of obstructive airway diseases and in the risk assessment in asymptomatic smokers. Clinical trial registered with www.trialregister.nl (NTR 1282)" |
| Keywords: | "Adolescent Adrenal Cortex Hormones/therapeutic use Adult Aged Aged, 80 and over Asthma/*diagnosis/drug therapy Biomarkers/analysis Breath Tests/*instrumentation/*methods Cross-Sectional Studies *Exhalation Female Forced Expiratory Volume Humans Male Middl;" |
| Notes: | "MedlineFens, Niki Zwinderman, Aeilko H van der Schee, Marc P de Nijs, Selma B Dijkers, Erica Roldaan, Albert C Cheung, David Bel, Elisabeth H Sterk, Peter J eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't 2009/08/29 Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2009 Dec 1; 180(11):1076-82. doi: 10.1164/rccm.200906-0939OC. Epub 2009 Aug 27" |
