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Environ Sci Pollut Res Int

Title:		Assessment of kidney health and exposure to mixture pollutants in the Mexican indigenous population
Author(s):		Diaz de Leon-Martinez L; Ortega-Romero M; Grimaldo-Galeana JM; Barbier O; Vargas-Berrones K; Garcia-Arreola ME; Rodriguez-Aguilar M; Flores-Ramirez R;
Address:		"Centro de Investigacion Aplicada en Ambiente y Salud (CIAAS), Avenida Sierra Leona No. 550, Colonia Lomas Segunda Seccion, 78210, San Luis Potosi, SLP, Mexico. Departamento de Toxicologia, Centro de Investigacion y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politecnico Nacional (CINVESTAV-IPN), Mexico, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico. CONACYT Research Fellow, Coordinacion para la Innovacion y Aplicacion de la Ciencia y la Tecnologia (CIACYT), Avenida Sierra Leona No. 550, Colonia Lomas Segunda Seccion, 78210, San Luis Potosi, SLP, Mexico. rfloresra@conacyt.mx"
Journal Title:		Environ Sci Pollut Res Int
Year:		2020
Volume:		20200617
Issue:		27
Page Number:		34557 - 34566
DOI:		10.1007/s11356-020-09619-x
ISSN/ISBN:		1614-7499 (Electronic) 0944-1344 (Linking)
Abstract:		"The indigenous population is one of the most vulnerable to suffer from contaminated environments. One of the target organs to suffer early deterioration from exposure to toxins is the kidney. The objective of this article was to evaluate biomarkers of exposure to organic and inorganic toxins and biomarkers of early kidney damage in urine from an indigenous Tenek population in Mexico. The biomarkers of exposure were Li, Be, Al, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Mo, Sn, Ba, and Pb evaluated by ICP-MS and hippuric acid for toluene exposure evaluated by UV-coupled with liquid chromatography; the biomarkers of kidney damage were cystatin C (Cys-C), osteopontin (OPN), retinol-binding protein-4 (RPB-4), and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL). Thirty-one urine samples were obtained from indigenous people; 16, 42, 45.1, and 45.2% of the population exceeded the reference values for Pb, Zn, As, and hippuric acid respectively. Our results demonstrate significant correlations between the metals tested and the proteins associated with renal damage; Cys-C, OPN, and RPB4 showed a significant correlation with Li, B, and Mo, as well as hippuric acid in the case of Cys-C and Zn in OPN and RPB-4; NGAL did not present significant correlations with any of the pollutants of the study. This pilot study contributes to the evidence of great inequity in health associated to environmental pollution matters faced by indigenous people and addresses the need of initiatives for mitigation under the perspective that health is a fundamental human right"
Keywords:		*Environmental Pollutants Humans Kidney/chemistry Metals/analysis Mexico Pilot Projects Early renal damage Indigenous people Metals Volatile organic compounds;
Notes:		"MedlineDiaz de Leon-Martinez, Lorena Ortega-Romero, Manolo Grimaldo-Galeana, Jose Moises Barbier, Olivier Vargas-Berrones, Karla Garcia-Arreola, Maria Elena Rodriguez-Aguilar, Maribel Flores-Ramirez, Rogelio eng Sectoral Research FOSEC SS/IMSS/ISSSTE # A3-S-38681/Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia/ Germany 2020/06/20 Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2020 Sep; 27(27):34557-34566. doi: 10.1007/s11356-020-09619-x. Epub 2020 Jun 17"