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Molecules

Title:		"Dietary Compounds Influencing the Sensorial, Volatile and Phytochemical Properties of Bovine Milk"
Author(s):		Clarke HJ; Griffin C; Rai DK; O'Callaghan TF; O'Sullivan MG; Kerry JP; Kilcawley KN;
Address:		"Food Quality and Sensory Science, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy P61 C996, Ireland. Sensory Group, School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University College Cork, Cork T12 R229, Ireland. Food Industry Development, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Ashtown, Dublin 15 D15 DY05, Ireland. Food Biosciences, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Ashtown, Dublin 15 D15 DY05, Ireland. Food Chemistry and Technology, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy P61 C996, Ireland. VistaMilk, SFI Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co. Cork P61 C996, Ireland. Food Packaging Group, School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University College Cork, Cork T12 R229, Ireland"
Journal Title:		Molecules
Year:		2019
Volume:		20191219
Issue:		1
Page Number:		-
DOI:		10.3390/molecules25010026
ISSN/ISBN:		1420-3049 (Electronic) 1420-3049 (Linking)
Abstract:		"The main aim of this study was to evaluate the volatile profile, sensory perception, and phytochemical content of bovine milk produced from cows fed on three distinct feeding systems, namely grass (GRS), grass/clover (CLV), and total mixed ration (TMR). Previous studies have identified that feed type can influence the sensory perception of milk directly via the transfer of volatile aromatic compounds, or indirectly by the transfer of non-volatile substrates that act as precursors for volatile compounds. In the present study, significant differences were observed in the phytochemical profile of the different feed and milk samples. The isoflavone formonoetin was significantly higher in CLV feed samples, but higher in raw GRS milk, while other smaller isoflavones, such as daidzein, genistein, and apigenin were highly correlated to raw CLV milk. This suggests that changes in isoflavone content and concentration in milk relate to diet, but also to metabolism in the rumen. This study also found unique potential volatile biomarkers in milk (dimethyl sulfone) related to feeding systems, or significant differences in the concentration of others (toluene, p-cresol, ethyl and methyl esters) based on feeding systems. TMR milk scored significantly higher for hay-like flavor and white color, while GRS and CLV milk scored significantly higher for a creamy color. Milk samples were easily distinguishable by their volatile profile based on feeding system, storage time, and pasteurization"
Keywords:		Animal Feed/*analysis Animals Apigenin/chemistry Cattle Dimethyl Sulfoxide/chemistry Female Genistein/chemistry Isoflavones/chemistry Milk/*chemistry Phytochemicals/*analysis Sulfones/chemistry Volatile Organic Compounds/*analysis dairy feeding system iso;
Notes:		"MedlineClarke, Holly J Griffin, Carol Rai, Dilip K O'Callaghan, Tom F O'Sullivan, Maurice G Kerry, Joseph P Kilcawley, Kieran N eng Switzerland 2019/12/22 Molecules. 2019 Dec 19; 25(1):26. doi: 10.3390/molecules25010026"