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J Exp Bot

Title:		Volatile emission in dry seeds as a way to probe chemical reactions during initial asymptomatic deterioration
Author(s):		Mira S; Hill LM; Gonzalez-Benito ME; Ibanez MA; Walters C;
Address:		"Departamento de Biotecnologia-Biologia Vegetal, E.T.S.I. Agronomos, Universidad Politecnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain USDA Agricultural Research Service, National Center for Genetic Resources Preservation, 1111 South Mason St, Fort Collins, CO 80524, USA. USDA Agricultural Research Service, National Center for Genetic Resources Preservation, 1111 South Mason St, Fort Collins, CO 80524, USA. Departamento de Biotecnologia-Biologia Vegetal, E.T.S.I. Agronomos, Universidad Politecnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain. Departamento de Economia Agraria, Estadistica y Gestion de Empresas, E.T.S.I. Agronomos, Universidad Politecnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain. USDA Agricultural Research Service, National Center for Genetic Resources Preservation, 1111 South Mason St, Fort Collins, CO 80524, USA christina.walters@ars.usda.gov"
Journal Title:		J Exp Bot
Year:		2016
Volume:		67
Issue:		6
Page Number:		1783 - 1793
DOI:		10.1093/jxb/erv568
ISSN/ISBN:		1460-2431 (Electronic) 0022-0957 (Print) 0022-0957 (Linking)
Abstract:		"The nature and kinetics of reactions in dry seeds determines how long the seeds survive. We used gas chromatography to assay volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted from seeds of three unrelated species as a means to non-invasively probe chemical changes during very dry, dry, and humid storage (seeds were dried to 5.5, 33, and 75% relative humidity at room temperature). VOCs emitted from seeds stored in humid conditions reflected fermentation-type reactions, with methanol and ethanol being predominant in Lactuca sativa and Carum carvi, and acetaldehyde and acetone being predominant in Eruca vesicaria. Dried C. carvi seeds continued to emit fermentation-type products, although at slower rates than the seeds stored in humid conditions. In contrast, drying caused a switch in VOC emission in L. sativa and E. vesicaria seeds towards higher emission of pentane and hexanal, molecules considered to be byproducts from the peroxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids. Longevity correlated best with the rate of fermentation-type reactions and appeared unrelated to the rate of lipid peroxidation. Emission of VOCs decreased when seed species were mixed together, indicating that seeds adsorbed VOCs. Adsorption of VOCs did not appear to damage seeds, as longevity was not affected in seed mixtures. Collectively, the study shows similarity among species in the types of reactions that occur in dry seeds, but high diversity in the substrates, and hence the byproducts, of the reactions. Moreover, the study suggests that the most abundant VOCs arise from degradation of storage reserves within seed cells, and that these reactions and their byproducts are not, in themselves, damaging"
Keywords:		Carum/metabolism *Desiccation Fatty Acids/metabolism Germination Humidity Kinetics Lettuce/metabolism Seeds/*metabolism Temperature Time Factors Volatile Organic Compounds/*metabolism Fermentation gas chromatography methanol pentane peroxidation seed agin;
Notes:		"MedlineMira, Sara Hill, Lisa M Gonzalez-Benito, M Elena Ibanez, Miguel Angel Walters, Christina eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't England 2016/03/10 J Exp Bot. 2016 Mar; 67(6):1783-93. doi: 10.1093/jxb/erv568"