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Neurosci Biobehav Rev

Title:		Sensing danger through the olfactory system: the role of the hypothalamic dorsal premammillary nucleus
Author(s):		Canteras NS; Kroon JA; Do-Monte FH; Pavesi E; Carobrez AP;
Address:		"Departamento de Anatomia, Instituto de Ciencias Biomedicas, Universidade de Sao Paulo, 05508-000, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil"
Journal Title:		Neurosci Biobehav Rev
Year:		2008
Volume:		20080513
Issue:		7
Page Number:		1228 - 1235
DOI:		10.1016/j.neubiorev.2008.05.009
ISSN/ISBN:		0149-7634 (Print) 0149-7634 (Linking)
Abstract:		"The dorsal premammillary nucleus (PMd) has a critical role on the expression of defensive responses to predator odor. Anatomical evidence suggests that the PMd should also modulate memory processing through a projecting branch to the anterior thalamus. By using a pharmacological blockade of the PMd with the NMDA-receptor antagonist 2-amino-5-phosphonopentanoic acid (AP5), we were able to confirm its role in the expression of unconditioned defensive responses, and further revealed that the nucleus is also involved in influencing associative mechanisms linking predatory threats to the related context. We have also tested whether olfactory fear conditioning, using coffee odor as CS, would be useful to model predator odor. Similar to cat odor, shock-paired coffee odor produced robust defensive behavior during exposure to the odor and to the associated context. Shock-paired coffee odor also up-regulated Fos expression in the PMd, and, as with cat odor, we showed that this nucleus is involved in the conditioned defensive responses to the shock-paired coffee odor and the contextual responses to the associated environment"
Keywords:		"Animals Cats Conditioning, Classical/physiology Discrimination, Psychological/*physiology Escape Reaction/*physiology Hypothalamus, Posterior/*physiology Olfactory Pathways/*physiology Pheromones/physiology Rats Risk Assessment Smell/*physiology;"
Notes:		"MedlineCanteras, Newton S Kroon, Juliana A V Do-Monte, Fabricio H M Pavesi, Eloisa Carobrez, Antonio P eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Review 2008/06/14 Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2008 Sep; 32(7):1228-35. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2008.05.009. Epub 2008 May 13"