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Rev Environ Health

Title:		Review of built and natural environment stressors impacting American-Indian/Alaska-Native children
Author(s):		Barros N; Tulve NS; Heggem DT; Bailey K;
Address:		"ORISE, National Exposure Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA, Fax: +919-541-0905. National Exposure Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA. National Exposure Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Las Vegas, NV, USA. Office of Research and Development, Office of Science Policy, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, OH, USA"
Journal Title:		Rev Environ Health
Year:		2018
Volume:		33
Issue:		4
Page Number:		349 - 381
DOI:		10.1515/reveh-2018-0034
ISSN/ISBN:		2191-0308 (Electronic) 0048-7554 (Print) 0048-7554 (Linking)
Abstract:		"Children's exposures to chemical and non-chemical stressors from their everyday environment affects their overall health and well-being. American-Indian/Alaska-Native (AI/AN) children may have a disproportionate burden of stressors from their built and natural environments when compared to children from other races/ethnicities. Our objectives were to identify chemical and non-chemical stressors from AI/AN children's built and natural environments and evaluate their linkages with health and well-being outcomes from the peer reviewed literature. Library databases (e.g. PubMed) were searched to identify studies focused on these stressors. References were excluded if they: did not discuss AI/AN children or they were not the primary cohort; discussed tribes outside the United States (U.S.); were reviews or intervention studies; or did not discuss stressors from the built/natural environments. Out of 2539 references, 35 remained. Sample populations were predominantly (70%) in New York (NY) and Alaska (AK); 14 studies reported on the same cohort. Studies with matching stressors and outcomes were few, ruling out a quantitative review. Respiratory and developmental outcomes were the main outcomes evaluated. Primary non-chemical stressors were residential proximity to polluted landscapes, lack of indoor plumbing, and indoor use of wood for heating or cooking. The main chemical stressors were volatile organic compounds (VOCs), particulate matter (PM2.5), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), p,p'-DDE, hexachlorobenzene (HCB), lead, and mercury. Our qualitative review was suggestive of a potential increase in respiratory illness from indoor wood use or no plumbing, which can be used as a guide to promote healthy environments for AI/AN children. We identified limited studies (<40), demonstrating this population as understudied. Future studies need to consider: sample populations from other tribes in the U.S., stressors outside the household, other elements of the natural environment, and an evaluation of stressors from AI/AN children's total environment (built, natural, and social)"
Keywords:		"Adolescent Alaska/ethnology Alaskan Natives *Built Environment Child Child, Preschool Environment Environmental Exposure/*analysis Environmental Pollutants/*adverse effects Humans Indians, North American Infant Infant, Newborn New York/ethnology United St;"
Notes:		"MedlineBarros, Nirmalla Tulve, Nicolle S Heggem, Daniel T Bailey, Ken eng EPA999999/Intramural EPA/ Review Germany 2018/09/13 Rev Environ Health. 2018 Dec 19; 33(4):349-381. doi: 10.1515/reveh-2018-0034"