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Insects

Title:		Characterization of Leptoglossus occidentalis Eggs and Egg Glue
Author(s):		Sanchez-Hernandez E; Martin-Ramos P; Nino-Sanchez J; Diez-Hermano S; Alvarez-Taboada F; Perez-Garcia R; Santiago-Aliste A; Martin-Gil J; Diez-Casero JJ;
Address:		"Department of Agricultural and Forestry Engineering, ETSIIAA, University of Valladolid, Avenida de Madrid 44, 34004 Palencia, Spain. Instituto Universitario de Investigacion en Gestion Forestal Sostenible (iuFOR), Universidad de Valladolid, Avenida de Madrid 57, 34071 Palencia, Spain. Departamento de Produccion Vegetal y Recursos Forestales, ETSIIAA, Universidad de Valladolid, Avenida de Madrid 57, 34071 Palencia, Spain. School of Agrarian and Forest Engineering, DRACONES, Universidad de Leon, Avenida de Portugal 41, 24401 Ponferrada, Spain"
Journal Title:		Insects
Year:		2023
Volume:		20230419
Issue:		4
Page Number:		-
DOI:		10.3390/insects14040396
ISSN/ISBN:		2075-4450 (Print) 2075-4450 (Electronic) 2075-4450 (Linking)
Abstract:		"The western conifer seed bug (Leptoglossus occidentalis Heidemann, 1910, Heteroptera: Coreidae) has a significant economic impact due to the reduction in the quality and viability of conifer seed crops; it can feed on up to 40 different species of conifers, showing a clear predilection for Pinus pinea L. in Europe. Its incidence is especially relevant for the pine nut-producing industry, given that the action of this pest insect can reduce the production of pine nuts by up to 25%. As part of ongoing efforts aimed at the design of control strategies for this insect, this work focuses on the characterization (by scanning electron microscopy-energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy, GC-MS) of the compounds released by these insects during oviposition, with emphasis on the adhesive secretion that holds L. occidentalis eggs together. Elemental analysis pointed to the presence of significant amounts of compounds with high nitrogen content. Functional groups identified by infrared spectroscopy were compatible with the presence of chitin, scleroproteins, LNSP-like and gelatin proteins, shellac wax analogs, and policosanol. Regarding the chemical species identified by GC-MS, eggs and glue hydromethanolic extracts shared constituents such as butyl citrate, dibutyl itaconate, tributyl aconitate, oleic acid, oleamide, erucamide, and palmitic acid, while eggs also showed stearic and linoleic acid-related compounds. Knowledge of this composition may allow advances in new strategies to address the problem caused by L. occidentalis"
Keywords:		Ftir Gc-ms Sem-eds Wcsb edible pine eggs glue oviposition pine nuts semiochemicals western conifer seed bug;
Notes:		"PubMed-not-MEDLINESanchez-Hernandez, Eva Martin-Ramos, Pablo Nino-Sanchez, Jonatan Diez-Hermano, Sergio Alvarez-Taboada, Flor Perez-Garcia, Rodrigo Santiago-Aliste, Alberto Martin-Gil, Jesus Diez-Casero, Julio Javier eng LIFE18 CCA/ES/001110./This research was funded by LIFE project MYCORESTORE 'Innovative use of mycological re-sources for resilient and productive Mediterranean forests threatened by climate change',/ Switzerland 2023/04/27 Insects. 2023 Apr 19; 14(4):396. doi: 10.3390/insects14040396"