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J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci

Title:		Changes in volatile compounds of human urine as it ages: their interaction with water
Author(s):		Kwak J; Grigsby CC; Smith BR; Rizki MM; Preti G;
Address:		"Monell Chemical Senses Center, 3500 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; The Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Air Force Research Laboratory, 711th Human Performance Wing/RHXBC, Wright-Patterson AFB, OH 45433, USA. Electronic address: jae_hyock.kwak.ctr.kr@us.af.mil"
Journal Title:		J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci
Year:		2013
Volume:		20131010
Issue:
Page Number:		50 - 53
DOI:		10.1016/j.jchromb.2013.09.040
ISSN/ISBN:		1873-376X (Electronic) 1570-0232 (Linking)
Abstract:		"The urinary odors are commonly perceived as unpleasant. While numerous studies have identified the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) released from urine, the odorants responsible for the urine odor are not well characterized. Furthermore, anecdotal reports suggest that the odor of aged urine is different from that of fresh urine. However, no study has yet to investigate the specific VOCs released from aged urine. In this study, we analyzed and compared the VOCs released from fresh and aged urine samples, investigating the changes in the urinary VOCs as urine aged. We found an overall decrease in concentration of many urinary VOCs, and concluded this was due to the urine evaporating as it aged. On the contrary, some highly water-soluble compounds such as short and branched-chain organic acids and trimethylamine, increased. Their increased release is most likely due to the loss of water and the subsequent release of water-soluble VOCs as urine ages. We suggest that these VOCs may contribute to the odor of the aged urine"
Keywords:		Humans Urine/*chemistry Volatile Organic Compounds/*urine Water/*chemistry Gas chromatography-Mass spectrometry (GC-MS) Hydration status Metabolite Differentiation and Discovery Lab (MeDDL) Urine Volatile organic compounds (VOCs);
Notes:		"MedlineKwak, Jae Grigsby, Claude C Smith, Brittany R Rizki, Mateen M Preti, George eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. Netherlands 2013/11/05 J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci. 2013 Dec 15; 941:50-3. doi: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2013.09.040. Epub 2013 Oct 10"