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Arch Environ Contam Toxicol

Title:		Endocrine-Disrupting Activities and Organic Contaminants Associated with Oil and Gas Operations in Wyoming Groundwater
Author(s):		Kassotis CD; Vu DC; Vo PH; Lin CH; Cornelius-Green JN; Patton S; Nagel SC;
Address:		"Nicholas School of the Environment, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA. Department of Forestry, School of Natural Resources, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA. Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women's Health, University of Missouri, M659 Medical Sciences Building, 1 Hospital Drive, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA. Commonweal, Health and Environment Program, Bolinas, CA, 94924, USA. Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women's Health, University of Missouri, M659 Medical Sciences Building, 1 Hospital Drive, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA. nagels@health.missouri.edu"
Journal Title:		Arch Environ Contam Toxicol
Year:		2018
Volume:		20180405
Issue:		2
Page Number:		247 - 258
DOI:		10.1007/s00244-018-0521-2
ISSN/ISBN:		1432-0703 (Electronic) 0090-4341 (Linking)
Abstract:		"Unconventional oil and natural gas (UOG) operations couple horizontal drilling with hydraulic fracturing to access previously inaccessible fossil fuel deposits. Hydraulic fracturing, a common form of stimulation, involves the high-pressure injection of water, chemicals, and sand to fracture the target layer and release trapped natural gas and/or oil. Spills and/or discharges of wastewater have been shown to impact surface, ground, and drinking water. The goals of this study were to characterize the endocrine activities and measure select organic contaminants in groundwater from conventional oil and gas (COG) and UOG production regions of Wyoming. Groundwater samples were collected from each region, solid-phase extracted, and assessed for endocrine activities (estrogen, androgen, progesterone, glucocorticoid, and thyroid receptor agonism and antagonism), using reporter gene assays in human endometrial cells. Water samples from UOG and conventional oil areas exhibited greater ER antagonist activities than water samples from conventional gas areas. Samples from UOG areas tended to exhibit progesterone receptor antagonism more often, suggesting there may be a UOG-related impact on these endocrine activities. We also report UOG-specific contaminants in Pavillion groundwater extracts, and these same chemicals at high concentrations in a local UOG wastewater sample. A unique suite of contaminants was observed in groundwater from a permitted drinking water well at a COG well pad and not at any UOG sites; high levels of endocrine activities (most notably, maximal estrogenic activity) were noted there, suggesting putative impacts on endocrine bioactivities by COG. As such, we report two levels of evidence for groundwater contamination by both UOG and COG operations in Wyoming"
Keywords:		"Cell Line Endocrine Disruptors/*analysis/toxicity Endometrium/cytology Environmental Monitoring Female Groundwater/*analysis/chemistry Humans *Oil and Gas Fields Receptors, Estrogen/antagonists & inhibitors Receptors, Glucocorticoid/antagonists & inhibito;"
Notes:		"MedlineKassotis, Christopher D Vu, Danh C Vo, Phuc H Lin, Chung-Ho Cornelius-Green, Jennifer N Patton, Sharyle Nagel, Susan C eng FP-91747101/U.S. Environmental Protection Agency/ 2018/04/07 Arch Environ Contam Toxicol. 2018 Aug; 75(2):247-258. doi: 10.1007/s00244-018-0521-2. Epub 2018 Apr 5"