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Open Biol

Title:		Dynamics of cell wall elasticity pattern shapes the cell during yeast mating morphogenesis
Author(s):		Goldenbogen B; Giese W; Hemmen M; Uhlendorf J; Herrmann A; Klipp E;
Address:		"Theoretical Biophysics, Institute of Biology, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Invalidenstrasse 42, 10115 Berlin, Germany. Molecular Biophysics, Institute of Biology, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Invalidenstrasse 42, 10115 Berlin, Germany. Theoretical Biophysics, Institute of Biology, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Invalidenstrasse 42, 10115 Berlin, Germany edda.klipp@biologie.hu-berlin.de"
Journal Title:		Open Biol
Year:		2016
Volume:		6
Issue:		9
Page Number:		-
DOI:		10.1098/rsob.160136
ISSN/ISBN:		2046-2441 (Electronic) 2046-2441 (Linking)
Abstract:		"The cell wall defines cell shape and maintains integrity of fungi and plants. When exposed to mating pheromone, Saccharomyces cerevisiae grows a mating projection and alters in morphology from spherical to shmoo form. Although structural and compositional alterations of the cell wall accompany shape transitions, their impact on cell wall elasticity is unknown. In a combined theoretical and experimental approach using finite-element modelling and atomic force microscopy (AFM), we investigated the influence of spatially and temporally varying material properties on mating morphogenesis. Time-resolved elasticity maps of shmooing yeast acquired with AFM in vivo revealed distinct patterns, with soft material at the emerging mating projection and stiff material at the tip. The observed cell wall softening in the protrusion region is necessary for the formation of the characteristic shmoo shape, and results in wider and longer mating projections. The approach is generally applicable to tip-growing fungi and plants cells"
Keywords:		"Cell Shape/*physiology Cell Wall/*physiology Elasticity Finite Element Analysis Kinetics Mating Factor/metabolism Microscopy, Atomic Force Models, Biological *Morphogenesis Saccharomyces cerevisiae/*cytology/physiology Saccharomyces cerevisiae atomic forc;"
Notes:		"MedlineGoldenbogen, Bjorn Giese, Wolfgang Hemmen, Marie Uhlendorf, Jannis Herrmann, Andreas Klipp, Edda eng England 2016/09/09 Open Biol. 2016 Sep; 6(9):160136. doi: 10.1098/rsob.160136"