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Anal Chem

Title:		Biochemical Gas Sensors (Biosniffers) Using Forward and Reverse Reactions of Secondary Alcohol Dehydrogenase for Breath Isopropanol and Acetone as Potential Volatile Biomarkers of Diabetes Mellitus
Author(s):		Chien PJ; Suzuki T; Tsujii M; Ye M; Minami I; Toda K; Otsuka H; Toma K; Arakawa T; Araki K; Iwasaki Y; Shinada K; Ogawa Y; Mitsubayashi K;
Address:		"Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University , 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan. Department of Biomedical Devices and Instrumentation, Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University , 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan. Department of Molecular Endocrinology and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University , 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan. Educational System in Dentistry, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University , 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan. Preventive Oral Health Care Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University , 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan. Faculty of Chemistry, Materials and Bioengineering, Kansai University , 3-3-35 Yamate-Cho, Suita-Shi, Osaka 564-0836, Japan. Department of Medical and Bioregulatory Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University , 3-1-1, Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka City, 812-8582, Japan. Department of Molecular and Cellular Metabolism, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University , 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan"
Journal Title:		Anal Chem
Year:		2017
Volume:		20171109
Issue:		22
Page Number:		12261 - 12268
DOI:		10.1021/acs.analchem.7b03191
ISSN/ISBN:		1520-6882 (Electronic) 0003-2700 (Linking)
Abstract:		"This study describes two biosniffers to determine breath acetone and isopropanol (IPA) levels and applies them for breath measurement in healthy subjects and diabetic patients. Secondary alcohol dehydrogenase (S-ADH) can reduce acetone and oxidize nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH to NAD(+)) in a weak acid environment. NADH can be excited by 340 nm excitation lights and subsequently emit 490 nm fluorescence. Therefore, acetone can be measured by the decrease in NADH fluorescence intensity. S-ADH can also oxidize IPA and reduce NAD(+) to NADH when it is in an alkaline environment. Thus, IPA can be detected by the increase of fluorescence. The developed biosniffers show rapid response, high sensitivity and high selectivity. The breath acetone and IPA analysis in healthy subjects shows that the mean values were 750.0 +/- 434.4 ppb and 15.4 +/- 11.3 ppb. Both acetone and IPA did not show a statistical difference among different genders and ages. The breath acetone analysis for diabetic patients shows a mean value of 1207.7 +/- 689.5 ppb, which was higher than that of healthy subjects (p < 1 x 10(-6)). In particularly, type-1 diabetic (T1D) patients exhaled a much higher concentration of acetone than type-2 diabetic (T2D) patients (p < 0.01). The breath IPA also had a higher concentration in diabetic patients (23.1 +/- 20.1 ppb, p < 0.01), but only T2D patients presented a statistical difference (23.9 +/- 21.3 ppb, p < 0.01). These findings are worthwhile in the study of breath biomarkers for diabetes mellitus diagnosis. Additionally, the developed biosniffers provide a new technique for volatolomics research"
Keywords:		"2-Propanol/chemistry/*metabolism Acetone/chemistry/*metabolism Adult Aged Alcohol Dehydrogenase/*metabolism Biomarkers/analysis Breath Tests Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/*diagnosis/metabolism Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/*diagnosis/metabolism Female Gases/chemi;"
Notes:		"MedlineChien, Po-Jen Suzuki, Takuma Tsujii, Masato Ye, Ming Minami, Isao Toda, Kanako Otsuka, Hiromi Toma, Koji Arakawa, Takahiro Araki, Kouji Iwasaki, Yasuhiko Shinada, Kayoko Ogawa, Yoshihiro Mitsubayashi, Kohji eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't 2017/11/10 Anal Chem. 2017 Nov 21; 89(22):12261-12268. doi: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b03191. Epub 2017 Nov 9"