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Plants (Basel)

Title:		"A Rhizobacterium, Streptomyces albulus Z1-04-02, Displays Antifungal Activity against Sclerotium Rot in Mungbean"
Author(s):		Ruangwong OU; Kunasakdakul K; Chankaew S; Pitija K; Sunpapao A;
Address:		"Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Mueang, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand. Innovative Agriculture Research Center, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand. Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand. Perkin Elmer Co., Ltd., 290 Soi 17, Rama 9 Rd., Bangkapi, Huay Kwang, Bangkok 10310, Thailand. Agricultural Innovation and Management Division (Pest Management), Faculty of Natural Resources, Prince of Songkla University, Hatyai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand"
Journal Title:		Plants (Basel)
Year:		2022
Volume:		20221004
Issue:		19
Page Number:		-
DOI:		10.3390/plants11192607
ISSN/ISBN:		2223-7747 (Print) 2223-7747 (Electronic) 2223-7747 (Linking)
Abstract:		"Sclerotium rot causes damping-off and stem rot in seedlings and mature mungbeans, which negatively impacts cultivation. The use of a rhizobacterium to control soil-borne diseases is an alternative method to the excess use of synthetic fungicides; therefore, this study aims to screen rhizosphere actinobacteria with fungicidal activities against Sclerotium rolfsii, the pathogen that causes sclerotium rot in mungbeans. Primary screening showed that the Streptomyces sp. isolate Z1-04-02 displayed the highest effectiveness against S. rolfsii in dual culture plates, with a percentage inhibition of 74.28%. An assay containing enzymes that degrade cell walls, of the cell-free culture filtrate (CF) of Z1-04-02, showed that the activities of chitinase and beta-1,3-glucanase were 0.0209 and 1.0210 U/mL, respectively, which was significantly higher than that of the control (media alone). The cell-free CF of Z1-04-02, incubated at 37 degrees C and 100 degrees C, using agar well diffusion, effectively inhibited the growth of S. rolfsii with inhibition percentages of 37.78% and 27.78%, respectively. Solid-phase microextraction (SPME) was applied to trap volatiles released from Z1-04-02 and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS); volatile antifungal compounds were tentatively identified as bicyclic monoterpene (1R)-(-)-myrtenal. The application of the cell-free CF, and the spore suspension of Z1-04-02, showed disease severity indexes (DSIs) of 12.5% and 8.25%, respectively, which were significantly lower than those showing inoculation by S. rolfsii alone. The identification of this strain by morphology, biochemistry tests, and 16s rDNA sequences revealed that Z1-04-02 was Streptomyces albulus. This finding revealed that S. albulus Z1-04-02 displayed diverse fungicidal activities against S. rolfsii, and it has the potential to act as a biological control agent in terms of inhibiting sclerotium rot in mungbeans"
Keywords:		Sclerotium actinobacteria antibiosis cell wall degrading enzymes volatile organic compounds;
Notes:		"PubMed-not-MEDLINERuangwong, On-Uma Kunasakdakul, Kaewalin Chankaew, Sompong Pitija, Kitsada Sunpapao, Anurag eng Prince of Songkla University/ Center of Excellence in Agricultural and Natural Resources Biotechnology (CoE-ANRB) phase 3/ Chiang Mai University/ Switzerland 2022/10/15 Plants (Basel). 2022 Oct 4; 11(19):2607. doi: 10.3390/plants11192607"