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Methods Mol Biol

Title:		Analysis of ascarosides from Caenorhabditis elegans using mass spectrometry and NMR spectroscopy
Author(s):		Zhang X; Noguez JH; Zhou Y; Butcher RA;
Address:		"Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA"
Journal Title:		Methods Mol Biol
Year:		2013
Volume:		1068
Issue:
Page Number:		71 - 92
DOI:		10.1007/978-1-62703-619-1_6
ISSN/ISBN:		1940-6029 (Electronic) 1064-3745 (Print) 1064-3745 (Linking)
Abstract:		"The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans secretes a family of water-soluble small molecules, known as the ascarosides, into its environment and uses these ascarosides in chemical communication. The ascarosides are derivatives of the 3,6-dideoxysugar ascarylose, modified with different fatty acid-derived side chains. C. elegans uses specific ascarosides, which are together known as the dauer pheromone, to trigger entry into the stress-resistant dauer larval stage. In addition, C. elegans uses specific ascarosides to control certain behaviors, including mating attraction, aggregation, and avoidance. Although in general the concentration of the ascarosides in the environment increases with population density, C. elegans can vary the types and amounts of ascarosides that it secretes depending on the culture conditions under which it has been grown and its developmental history. Here, we describe how to grow high-density worm cultures and the bacterial food for those cultures, as well as how to extract the culture medium to generate a crude pheromone extract. Then, we discuss how to analyze the types and amounts of ascarosides in that extract using mass spectrometry and NMR spectroscopy"
Keywords:		Animals Caenorhabditis elegans/*metabolism Glycolipids/*analysis/chemistry Hexoses/chemistry Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy/*methods Mass Spectrometry/*methods Pheromones/*analysis/chemistry/metabolism;
Notes:		"MedlineZhang, Xinxing Noguez, Jaime H Zhou, Yue Butcher, Rebecca A eng UL1 RR029890/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ R00 GM087533/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ 1UL 1RR029890/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ GM87533/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ K99 GM087533/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't 2013/09/10 Methods Mol Biol. 2013; 1068:71-92. doi: 10.1007/978-1-62703-619-1_6"