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J Hazard Mater

Title:		Field demonstration of pervaporation for the separation of volatile organic compounds from a surfactant-based soil remediation fluid
Author(s):		Vane LM; Hitchens L; Alvarez FR; Giroux EL;
Address:		"U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Cincinnati, OH 45268, USA. vane.leland@epa.gov"
Journal Title:		J Hazard Mater
Year:		2001
Volume:		81
Issue:		1-Feb
Page Number:		141 - 166
DOI:		10.1016/s0304-3894(00)00337-x
ISSN/ISBN:		0304-3894 (Print) 0304-3894 (Linking)
Abstract:		"As part of a Department of Defense project, the US Environmental Protection Agency was responsible for designing, building and field operating a pilot-scale pervaporation unit. The field site was an active dry cleaning facility on the grounds of Marine Corps Base Camp Lejeune in Jacksonville, NC. The overall goal of the project was to remove tetrachloroethylene (PCE) from the soil beneath the dry cleaning shop using a surfactant-based soil remediation fluid and to recycle/reuse the surfactant. In order to reinject the recovered surfactant, the pervaporation unit was required to achieve an average 95% removal of contaminants from the extracted fluid over the duration of the test period. PCE removal averaged 95.8% during peak surfactant levels and exceeded 99.9% in the absence of surfactant, thereby meeting the reinjection requirement. Removal of a group of secondary contaminants at the site, termed Varsol compounds, was monitored via concentrations of three Varsol marker compounds: decane, undecane and 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene. The pervaporation system processed 100,000 gal of groundwater and surfactant solution over a period of 70 days. In order to evaluate and validate process performance, a variety of process variables and properties were monitored over the course of the demonstration. Pervaporation costs are projected to be on the order of $20 per 1000 gal of surfactant solution treated for a moderate size system (10 gpm)"
Keywords:		Decontamination/*methods Equipment Design Hydrogen-Ion Concentration North Carolina Soil Pollutants/*analysis Surface-Active Agents/chemistry Temperature Tetrachloroethylene/*chemistry United States United States Environmental Protection Agency Volatiliza;
Notes:		"MedlineVane, L M Hitchens, L Alvarez, F R Giroux, E L eng Netherlands 2000/12/19 J Hazard Mater. 2001 Jan 29; 81(1-2):141-66. doi: 10.1016/s0304-3894(00)00337-x"