| Title: | Advances in Semiochemical Repellents to Mitigate Host Mortality From the Spruce Beetle (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) |
| Author(s): | Hansen EM; Munson AS; Wakarchuk D; Blackford DC; Graves AD; Stephens SS; Moan JE; |
| Address: | "US-Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Logan, UT. US-Forest Service, Forest Health Protection (retired), Eden, UT. Synergy Semiochemicals Corp., Delta, Canada. US-Forest Service, Forest Health Protection, Ogden, UT. US-Forest Service, Forest Health Protection, Broadway Boulevard SE, Albuquerque, NM. US-Forest Service, Forest Health Protection, Cole Boulevard, Lakewood, CO. Alaska Division of Forestry, Forest Health Program, Anchorage, AK" |
| ISSN/ISBN: | 1938-291X (Electronic) 0022-0493 (Linking) |
| Abstract: | "We tested 3-methyl-2-cyclohexen-1-one (MCH) and novel semiochemicals as potential spruce beetle (Dendroctonus rufipennis Kirby) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae, Scolytinae) repellents over multiple years in Utah and Colorado trapping bioassays. MCH is a known spruce beetle repellent and our testing revealed Acer kairomone blend (AKB) and isophorone plus sulcatone as repellents. We subsequently tested these semiochemicals for area and single tree protection to prevent spruce beetle attacks at locations in Utah, Colorado, Wyoming, New Mexico, and Alaska. Individual tree protection trials found MCH-AKB provided significant protection against spruce beetle attacks in the southern Rocky Mountains but not in Alaska. Adding sulcatone or doubling MCH-AKB pouches did not further enhance protection. A degree of protection was extended to spruce at least 10 m distant from the repellents, including in Alaska. Tree diameter was not a significant covariate among treated trees but was positively correlated with the probability of infestation for surrounding spruce. In area protection trials, spruce in control plots were 2.4 times more likely to be in a higher severity attack class compared with spruce in plots treated with MCH-AKB pouches deployed at 30 sets per hectare. Tree diameter had a significant, positive relationship to the probability of infestation. We found MCH-AKB to offer a high degree of protection against beetle attack in Engelmann spruce (Picea engelmannii Parry ex Engelm.) (Pinales: Pinaceae) (Picea engelmannii Parry ex Engelm.) (Pinales: Pinaceae), especially for single tree protection (66% of control trees were strip- or mass-attacked compared with 6% of repellent-treated trees). AKB requires registration and labeling, however, before this economical and environmentally benign semiochemical can be used operationally" |
| Keywords: | Animals *Coleoptera Colorado New Mexico Pheromones *Picea Utah *Weevils Dendroctonus rufipennis Engelmann spruce Mch bark beetles pheromone; |
| Notes: | "MedlineHansen, E Matthew Munson, A Steven Wakarchuk, David Blackford, Darren C Graves, Andrew D Stephens, S Sky Moan, Jason E eng Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. England 2019/06/27 J Econ Entomol. 2019 Sep 23; 112(5):2253-2261. doi: 10.1093/jee/toz172" |
