| Title: | Emission factors and emission inventory of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from hair products application in hair salons in Beijing through measurement |
| Author(s): | Gao M; Liu W; An X; Nie L; Du Z; Chen P; Liu X; |
| Address: | "Beijing Key Laboratory of Urban Atmospheric Volatile Organic Compounds Pollution Control and Application, National Engineering Research Center of Urban Environmental Pollution Control, Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Eco-Environmental Protection, Beijing 100037, China. Electronic address: gaomeiping@cee.cn. Beijing Key Laboratory of Urban Atmospheric Volatile Organic Compounds Pollution Control and Application, National Engineering Research Center of Urban Environmental Pollution Control, Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Eco-Environmental Protection, Beijing 100037, China. Electronic address: liuwenwen@cee.cn. Beijing Key Laboratory of Urban Atmospheric Volatile Organic Compounds Pollution Control and Application, National Engineering Research Center of Urban Environmental Pollution Control, Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Eco-Environmental Protection, Beijing 100037, China. College of chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China" |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162996 |
| ISSN/ISBN: | 1879-1026 (Electronic) 0048-9697 (Linking) |
| Abstract: | "Hair products application in hair salons is a potential VOCs emission source. 139 representative hair salons were investigated and 88 hair products were sampled to establish VOC emission factors and emission inventory. VOC emission factors were 6.75 g/kg for shampoo, 43.55 g/kg for hair mask, 27.62 g/kg for hair oil, 52.44 g/kg for hair dye, 32.01 g/kg for perm cream, 54.08 g/kg for elastin, 156.40 g/kg for hair styling gel, 78.88 g/kg for hair clay, 70.25 g/kg for hair wax, and 447.88 g/kg for hair styling spray. VOC emissions from hair products application in hair salons in Beijing had increased from 362.77 t in 2011 to 393.40 t in 2020. Hair styling spray, hair dye, perm cream and hair mask were the four largest contributors to total emissions, together accounting for 93.68 %. The high VOC emissions and emission intensity mainly located in six central urban districts. The per capita VOC emissions were 0.018 kg VOCs/person/year in 2020. Projection indicates it can reduce VOC emissions by 9.72 % by 2030 compared with that in 2020 if the VOC content limit standard of hair products will be implemented, otherwise, VOC emissions keep raising, urgently needing VOC control measures in hair products application" |
| Keywords: | Humans *Volatile Organic Compounds/analysis Beijing *Air Pollutants/analysis Environmental Monitoring *Hair Dyes China Emission factors and emission inventory Hair products and hair salons Projection Temporal and spatial characteristics Volatile organic c; |
| Notes: | "MedlineGao, Meiping Liu, Wenwen An, Xiaoshuan Nie, Lei Du, Zhenxia Chen, Panjin Liu, Xiaoyu eng Netherlands 2023/03/25 Sci Total Environ. 2023 Jun 20; 878:162996. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162996. Epub 2023 Mar 22" |
