| Title: | An electronic nose in the discrimination of patients with asthma and controls |
| Author(s): | Dragonieri S; Schot R; Mertens BJ; Le Cessie S; Gauw SA; Spanevello A; Resta O; Willard NP; Vink TJ; Rabe KF; Bel EH; Sterk PJ; |
| Address: | "Department of Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands" |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.jaci.2007.05.043 |
| ISSN/ISBN: | 0091-6749 (Print) 0091-6749 (Linking) |
| Abstract: | "BACKGROUND: Exhaled breath contains thousands of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that could serve as biomarkers of lung disease. Electronic noses can distinguish VOC mixtures by pattern recognition. OBJECTIVE: We hypothesized that an electronic nose can discriminate exhaled air of patients with asthma from healthy controls, and between patients with different disease severities. METHODS: Ten young patients with mild asthma (25.1 +/- 5.9 years; FEV(1), 99.9 +/- 7.7% predicted), 10 young controls (26.8 +/- 6.4 years; FEV(1), 101.9 +/- 10.3), 10 older patients with severe asthma (49.5 +/- 12.0 years; FEV(1), 62.3 +/- 23.6), and 10 older controls (57.3 +/- 7.1 years; FEV(1), 108.3 +/- 14.7) joined a cross-sectional study with duplicate sampling of exhaled breath with an interval of 2 to 5 minutes. Subjects inspired VOC-filtered air by tidal breathing for 5 minutes, and a single expiratory vital capacity was collected into a Tedlar bag that was sampled by electronic nose (Cyranose 320) within 10 minutes. Smellprints were analyzed by linear discriminant analysis on principal component reduction. Cross-validation values (CVVs) were calculated. RESULTS: Smellprints of patients with mild asthma were fully separated from young controls (CVV, 100%; Mahalanobis distance [M-distance], 5.32), and patients with severe asthma could be distinguished from old controls (CVV, 90%; M-distance, 2.77). Patients with mild and severe asthma could be less well discriminated (CVV, 65%; M-distance, 1.23), whereas the 2 control groups were indistinguishable (CVV, 50%; M-distance, 1.56). The duplicate samples replicated these results. CONCLUSION: An electronic nose can discriminate exhaled breath of patients with asthma from controls but is less accurate in distinguishing asthma severities. CLINICAL IMPLICATION: These findings warrant validation of electronic noses in diagnosing newly presented patients with asthma" |
| Keywords: | Adolescent Adult Aged Asthma/*diagnosis Biosensing Techniques/*instrumentation Breath Tests/*instrumentation Case-Control Studies Cross-Sectional Studies Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Humans Middle Aged Organic Chemicals/*analysis Volatilization; |
| Notes: | "MedlineDragonieri, Silvano Schot, Robert Mertens, Bart J A Le Cessie, Saskia Gauw, Stefanie A Spanevello, Antonio Resta, Onofrio Willard, Nico P Vink, Teunis J Rabe, Klaus F Bel, Elisabeth H Sterk, Peter J eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't 2007/07/31 J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2007 Oct; 120(4):856-62. doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2007.05.043. Epub 2007 Jul 20" |
