| Title: | Optimization of SPME-Arrow-GC/MS Method for Determination of Free and Bound Volatile Organic Compounds from Grape Skins |
| Author(s): | Sikuten I; Stambuk P; Karoglan Kontic J; Maletic E; Tomaz I; Preiner D; |
| Address: | "Department of Viticulture and Enology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia. Centre of Excellence for Biodiversity and Molecular Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, 10 000 Zagreb, Croatia" |
| DOI: | 10.3390/molecules26237409 |
| ISSN/ISBN: | 1420-3049 (Electronic) 1420-3049 (Linking) |
| Abstract: | "(1) Background: Solid phase microextraction (SPME)-Arrow is a new extraction technology recently employed in the analysis of volatiles in food materials. Grape volatile organic compounds (VOC) have a crucial role in the winemaking industry due to their sensory characteristics of wine.; (2) Methods: Box-Behnken experimental design and response surface methodology were used to optimise SPME-Arrow conditions (extraction temperature, incubation time, exposure time, desorption time). Analyzed VOCs were free VOCs directly from grape skins and bound VOCs released from grape skins by acid hydrolysis.; (3) Results: The most significant factors were extraction temperature and exposure time for both free and bound VOCs. For both factors, an increase in their values positively affected the extraction efficiency for almost all classes of VOCs. For free VOCs, the optimum extraction conditions are: extraction temperature 60 degrees C, incubation time 20 min, exposure time 49 min, and desorption time 7 min, while for the bound VOCs are: extraction temperature 60 degrees C, incubation time 20 min, exposure time 60 min, desorption time 7 min.; (4) Conclusions: Application of the optimized method provides a powerful tool in the analysis of major classes of volatile organic compounds from grape skins, which can be applied to a large number of samples" |
| Keywords: | "Acids/analysis/isolation & purification Alcohols/analysis/isolation & purification Crops, Agricultural/*chemistry Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry/*standards Hot Temperature Monoterpenes/analysis/isolation & purification Norisoprenoids/analysis/isolat;" |
| Notes: | "MedlineSikuten, Iva Stambuk, Petra Karoglan Kontic, Jasminka Maletic, Edi Tomaz, Ivana Preiner, Darko eng CoE CroP-BioDiv KK.01.1.1.01.005/Centre of Excellence for Biodiversity and Molecular Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb/ Switzerland 2021/12/11 Molecules. 2021 Dec 6; 26(23):7409. doi: 10.3390/molecules26237409" |
