| Title: | "Poplar defense against insects: genome analysis, full-length cDNA cloning, and transcriptome and protein analysis of the poplar Kunitz-type protease inhibitor family" |
| Author(s): | Philippe RN; Ralph SG; Kulheim C; Jancsik SI; Bohlmann J; |
| Address: | "Michael Smith Laboratories, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada" |
| DOI: | 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2009.03028.x |
| ISSN/ISBN: | 1469-8137 (Electronic) 0028-646X (Linking) |
| Abstract: | "*Kunitz protease inhibitors (KPIs) feature prominently in poplar defense responses against insects. The increasing availability of genomics resources enabled a comprehensive analysis of the poplar (p)KPI family. *Using genome analysis, expressed sequence tag (EST) mining and full-length (FL)cDNA cloning we established an inventory and phylogeny of pKPIs. Microarray and real-time PCR analyses were used to profile pKPI gene expression following real or simulated insect attack. Proteomics of insect midgut content was used to monitor stability of pKPI protein. *We identified 31 pKPIs in the genome and validated gene models by EST mining and cloning of 41 unique FLcDNAs. Genome organization of the pKPI family, with six poplar-specific subfamilies, suggests that tandem duplications have played a major role in its expansion. pKPIs are expressed throughout the plant and many are strongly induced by insect attack, although insect-specific signals seem initially to suppress the tree pKPI response. We found substantial peptide coverage for a potentially intact pKPI protein in insect midgut after eating poplar leaves. *These results highlight the complexity of an important defense gene family in poplar with regard to gene family size, differential constitutive and insect-induced gene expression, and resilience of at least one pKPI protein to digestion by herbivores" |
| Keywords: | "Animals Cloning, Molecular DNA, Complementary Expressed Sequence Tags Gene Duplication *Gene Expression Gene Expression Profiling *Genes, Plant Genome, Plant *Lepidoptera Microarray Analysis Multigene Family Peptides Phylogeny Plant Diseases/*genetics Pla;" |
| Notes: | "MedlinePhilippe, Ryan N Ralph, Steven G Kulheim, Carsten Jancsik, Sharon I Bohlmann, Jorg eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't England 2009/09/29 New Phytol. 2009 Dec; 184(4):865-84. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2009.03028.x. Epub 2009 Sep 23" |
