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Environ Sci Technol

Title:		Perfluoroalkyl and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in Groundwater Used as a Source of Drinking Water in the Eastern United States
Author(s):		McMahon PB; Tokranov AK; Bexfield LM; Lindsey BD; Johnson TD; Lombard MA; Watson E;
Address:		"U.S. Geological Survey, Bldg. 53, MS 415, Lakewood, Colorado, 80225, United States. U.S. Geological Survey, 10 Bearfoot Rd., Northborough, Massachusetts 01532, United States. U.S. Geological Survey, 6700 Edith Blvd NE, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87113, United States. U.S. Geological Survey, 215 Limekiln Road, New Cumberland, Pennsylvania 17070, United States. U.S. Geological Survey, 4165 Spruance Road, San Diego, California 92101, United States. U.S. Geological Survey, 331 Commerce Way, Pembroke, New Hampshire 03275, United States"
Journal Title:		Environ Sci Technol
Year:		2022
Volume:		20220203
Issue:		4
Page Number:		2279 - 2288
DOI:		10.1021/acs.est.1c04795
ISSN/ISBN:		1520-5851 (Electronic) 0013-936X (Print) 0013-936X (Linking)
Abstract:		"In 2019, 254 samples were collected from five aquifer systems to evaluate perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substance (PFAS) occurrence in groundwater used as a source of drinking water in the eastern United States. The samples were analyzed for 24 PFAS, major ions, nutrients, trace elements, dissolved organic carbon (DOC), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), pharmaceuticals, and tritium. Fourteen of the 24 PFAS were detected in groundwater, with 60 and 20% of public-supply and domestic wells, respectively, containing at least one PFAS detection. Concentrations of tritium, chloride, sulfate, DOC, and manganese + iron; percent urban land use within 500 m of the wells; and VOC and pharmaceutical detection frequencies were significantly higher in samples containing PFAS detections than in samples with no detections. Boosted regression tree models that consider 57 chemical and land-use variables show that tritium concentration, distance to the nearest fire-training area, percentage of urban land use, and DOC and VOC concentrations are the top five predictors of PFAS detections, consistent with the hydrologic position, geochemistry, and land use being important controls on PFAS occurrence in groundwater. Model results indicate that it may be possible to predict PFAS detections in groundwater using existing data sources"
Keywords:		"*Drinking Water Environmental Monitoring/methods *Fluorocarbons/analysis *Groundwater/chemistry United States *Water Pollutants, Chemical/analysis boosted regression tree hydrologic position land use modeling pharmaceuticals tritium;"
Notes:		"MedlineMcMahon, Peter B Tokranov, Andrea K Bexfield, Laura M Lindsey, Bruce D Johnson, Tyler D Lombard, Melissa A Watson, Elise eng Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. 2022/02/04 Environ Sci Technol. 2022 Feb 15; 56(4):2279-2288. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.1c04795. Epub 2022 Feb 3"