| Title: | Volatile Organic Compounds Emitted by Fungal Associates of Conifer Bark Beetles and their Potential in Bark Beetle Control |
| Author(s): | Kandasamy D; Gershenzon J; Hammerbacher A; |
| Address: | "Department of Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knoll Str. 8, 07745, Jena, Germany. Department of Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Hans-Knoll Str. 8, 07745, Jena, Germany. gershenzon@ice.mpg.de. Department of Microbiology, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield, Pretoria, 0028, South Africa" |
| DOI: | 10.1007/s10886-016-0768-x |
| ISSN/ISBN: | 1573-1561 (Electronic) 0098-0331 (Print) 0098-0331 (Linking) |
| Abstract: | "Conifer bark beetles attack and kill mature spruce and pine trees, especially during hot and dry conditions. These beetles are closely associated with ophiostomatoid fungi of the Ascomycetes, including the genera Ophiostoma, Grosmannia, and Endoconidiophora, which enhance beetle success by improving nutrition and modifying their substrate, but also have negative impacts on beetles by attracting predators and parasites. A survey of the literature and our own data revealed that ophiostomatoid fungi emit a variety of volatile organic compounds under laboratory conditions including fusel alcohols, terpenoids, aromatic compounds, and aliphatic alcohols. Many of these compounds already have been shown to elicit behavioral responses from bark beetles, functioning as attractants or repellents, often as synergists to compounds currently used in bark beetle control. Thus, these compounds could serve as valuable new agents for bark beetle management. However, bark beetle associations with fungi are very complex. Beetle behavior varies with the species of fungus, the stage of the beetle life cycle, the host tree quality, and probably with changes in the emission rate of fungal volatiles. Additional research on bark beetles and their symbiotic associates is necessary before the basic significance of ophiostomatoid fungal volatiles can be understood and their applied potential realized" |
| Keywords: | "Alcohols/analysis/metabolism Animals Coleoptera/*microbiology/*physiology Hydrocarbons, Aromatic/analysis/metabolism Insect Control/*methods Ophiostoma/chemistry/*physiology Pinus/*parasitology/physiology Symbiosis Terpenes/analysis/metabolism Volatile Or;" |
| Notes: | "MedlineKandasamy, Dineshkumar Gershenzon, Jonathan Hammerbacher, Almuth eng Review 2016/11/01 J Chem Ecol. 2016 Sep; 42(9):952-969. doi: 10.1007/s10886-016-0768-x. Epub 2016 Sep 29" |
