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Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A

Title:		"Sex pheromone biosynthetic pathway for disparlure in the gypsy moth, Lymantria dispar"
Author(s):		Jurenka RA; Subchev M; Abad JL; Choi MY; Fabrias G;
Address:		"Department of Entomology, 407 Science II, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011-3222, USA. rjurenka@iastate.edu"
Journal Title:		Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
Year:		2003
Volume:		20030117
Issue:		3
Page Number:		809 - 814
DOI:		10.1073/pnas.0236060100
ISSN/ISBN:		0027-8424 (Print) 1091-6490 (Electronic) 0027-8424 (Linking)
Abstract:		"The pheromone biosynthetic pathway for production of the sex pheromone disparlure, 2-methyl-7R,8S-epoxy-octadecane, was determined for the gypsy moth. Each step in the pathway was followed by using deuterium-labeled compounds that could be identified by using GCMS. This approach provides unequivocal determination of specific reactions in the pathway. It was shown that the alkene precursor, 2-methyl-Z7-octadecene, is most likely made in oenocyte cells associated with abdominal epidermal cells. The pathway begins with valine contributing carbons for chain initiation, including the methyl-branched carbon, followed by chain elongation to 19 carbons. The double bond is introduced with an unusual Delta12 desaturase that utilizes a methyl-branched substrate. The resulting 18-methyl-Z12-nonadecenoate is decarboxylated to the hydrocarbon, 2-methyl-Z7-octadecene. The alkene is then transported to the pheromone gland through the hemolymph, most probably by lipophorin. At the pheromone gland, the alkene is unloaded and transformed into the epoxide disparlure for release into the environment. A chiral HPLC column was used to demonstrate that the (R,S)-stereoisomer of the epoxide, (+)-disparlure is found in pheromone glands"
Keywords:		"Alkanes/*chemistry/metabolism Animals Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid Epoxy Compounds/chemistry Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Moths Sex Attractants/*biosynthesis Stereoisomerism Time Factors Valine/chemistry;"
Notes:		"MedlineJurenka, Russell A Subchev, Mitko Abad, Jose-Luis Choi, Man-Yeon Fabrias, Gemma eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. 2003/01/21 Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 Feb 4; 100(3):809-14. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0236060100. Epub 2003 Jan 17"