« Previous AbstractTransitions in sexuality: recapitulation of an ancestral tri- and tetrapolar mating system in Cryptococcus neoformans    Next AbstractThe pheromone affects reproductive physiology and behavior by regulating hormone in juvenile mice »

Environ Pollut

Title:		VOC emissions and carbon balance of two bioenergy plantations in response to nitrogen fertilization: A comparison of Miscanthus and Salix
Author(s):		Hu B; Jarosch AM; Gauder M; Graeff-Honninger S; Schnitzler JP; Grote R; Rennenberg H; Kreuzwieser J;
Address:		"College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China; Chair of Tree Physiology, Institute of Forest Sciences, University of Freiburg, Georges-Kohler Allee 53/54, 79110 Freiburg, Germany. Electronic address: hubjoe@126.com. Chair of Tree Physiology, Institute of Forest Sciences, University of Freiburg, Georges-Kohler Allee 53/54, 79110 Freiburg, Germany. Electronic address: am.jarosch@googlemail.com. Institute of Crop Science, University of Hohenheim, Fruwirthstr. 23, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany. Electronic address: martin.gauder@uni-hohenheim.de. Institute of Crop Science, University of Hohenheim, Fruwirthstr. 23, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany. Electronic address: simone.graeff@uni-hohenheim.de. Research Unit Environmental Simulation, Institute of Biochemical Plant Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum Munchen GmbH, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany. Electronic address: jp.schnitzler@helmholtz-muenchen.de. Institute of Meteorology and Climate Research, Atmospheric Environmental Research Division (IMK-IFU), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Kreuzeckbahnstr. 19, 82467 Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany. Electronic address: ruediger.grote@kit.edu. Chair of Tree Physiology, Institute of Forest Sciences, University of Freiburg, Georges-Kohler Allee 53/54, 79110 Freiburg, Germany; College of Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Electronic address: heinz.rennenberg@ctp.uni-freiburg.de. Chair of Tree Physiology, Institute of Forest Sciences, University of Freiburg, Georges-Kohler Allee 53/54, 79110 Freiburg, Germany. Electronic address: juergen.kreuzwieser@ctp.uni-freiburg.de"
Journal Title:		Environ Pollut
Year:		2018
Volume:		20180224
Issue:
Page Number:		205 - 217
DOI:		10.1016/j.envpol.2018.02.034
ISSN/ISBN:		1873-6424 (Electronic) 0269-7491 (Linking)
Abstract:		"Energy crops are an important renewable source for energy production in future. To ensure high yields of crops, N fertilization is a common practice. However, knowledge on environmental impacts of bioenergy plantations, particularly in systems involving trees, and the effects of N fertilization is scarce. We studied the emission of volatile organic compounds (VOC), which negatively affect the environment by contributing to tropospheric ozone and aerosols formation, from Miscanthus and willow plantations. Particularly, we aimed at quantifying the effect of N fertilization on VOC emission. For this purpose, we determined plant traits, photosynthetic gas exchange and VOC emission rates of the two systems as affected by N fertilization (0 and 80?ª+kg?ª+ha(-1) yr(-1)). Additionally, we used a modelling approach to simulate (i) the annual VOC emission rates as well as (ii) the OH(.) reactivity resulting from individual VOC emitted. Total VOC emissions from Salix was 1.5- and 2.5-fold higher compared to Miscanthus in non-fertilized and fertilized plantations, respectively. Isoprene was the dominating VOC in Salix (80-130?ª+mug?ª+g(-1) DW h(-1)), whereas it was negligible in Miscanthus. We identified twenty-eight VOC compounds, which were released by Miscanthus with the green leaf volatile hexanal as well as dimethyl benzene, dihydrofuranone, phenol, and decanal as the dominant volatiles. The pattern of VOC released from this species clearly differed to the pattern emitted by Salix. OH(.) reactivity from VOC released by Salix was ca. 8-times higher than that of Miscanthus. N fertilization enhanced stand level VOC emissions, mainly by promoting the leaf area index and only marginally by enhancing the basal emission capacity of leaves. Considering the higher productivity of fertilized Miscanthus compared to Salix together with the considerably lower OH(.) reactivity per weight unit of biomass produced, qualified the C(4)-perennial grass Miscanthus as a superior source of future bioenergy production"
Keywords:		"Air Pollutants/*analysis *Bioelectric Energy Sources Biomass Butadienes Carbon Crops, Agricultural/drug effects Hemiterpenes Nitrogen/*analysis Ozone Pentanes Photosynthesis/drug effects Plant Leaves/drug effects Poaceae/physiology Salix/physiology Trees/;"
Notes:		"MedlineHu, Bin Jarosch, Ann-Mareike Gauder, Martin Graeff-Honninger, Simone Schnitzler, Jorg-Peter Grote, Rudiger Rennenberg, Heinz Kreuzwieser, Jurgen eng England 2018/02/28 Environ Pollut. 2018 Jun; 237:205-217. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.02.034. Epub 2018 Feb 24"