| Title: | Urinary biomonitoring of subjects with different smoking habits. Part I: Profiling mercapturic acids |
| Author(s): | Frigerio G; Mercadante R; Campo L; Polledri E; Boniardi L; Olgiati L; Missineo P; Fustinoni S; |
| Address: | "Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Universita degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy. Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy. Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, Universita degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy; Environmental and Industrial Toxicology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy. Electronic address: silvia.fustinoni@unimi.it" |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.toxlet.2020.03.010 |
| ISSN/ISBN: | 1879-3169 (Electronic) 0378-4274 (Linking) |
| Abstract: | "BACKGROUND: While tobacco smoke contains thousands of chemicals, some of which are carcinogenic to humans, the content of electronic cigarette smoke is less known. This work aimed to assess and compare the exposure associated with different smoking habits by profiling urinary mercapturic acids as biomarkers of toxic compounds. METHODS: In this pilot study, sixty-seven healthy adults with different smoking habits were investigated: 38 non-smokers (NS), 7 electronic cigarette users (ECU), and 22 traditional tobacco smokers (TTS). Seventeen urinary mercapturic acids, metabolites of 1,3-butadiene (DHBMA, MHBMA), 4-chloronitrobenze (NANPC), acrolein (3-HPMA), acrylamide (AAMA, GAMA), acrylonitrile (CEMA), benzene (SPMA), crotonaldehyde (CMEMA, HMPMA), ethylating agents (EMA), methylating agents (MMA), ethylene oxide (HEMA), N,N-dimethylformamide (AMCC), propylene oxide (2-HPMA), styrene (PHEMA), and toluene (SBMA), were quantified, along with urinary nicotine and cotinine. RESULTS: Median urinary cotinine was 0.4, 1530 and 1772 mug/L in NS, ECU and TTS, respectively. Most mercapturic acids were 2-165 fold-higher in TTS compared to NS, with CEMA, MHBMA, 3-HPMA and SPMA showing the most relevant increases. Furthermore, some mercapturic acids were higher in ECU than NS; CEMA and 3-HPMA, in particular, showed significant increases and were 1.8 and 4.9 fold-higher, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: This study confirms that tobacco smoking is a major source of carcinogenic chemicals such as benzene and 1,3-butadiene; electronic cigarette use is a minor source, mostly associated with exposure to chemicals with less carcinogenic potential such as acrylonitrile and acrolein" |
| Keywords: | Acetylcysteine/*urine Adult Biological Monitoring/*methods Humans Pilot Projects Smoking/*urine Vaping/*urine Biomonitoring Electronic cigarette smoking Smoking habit Tobacco smoking Urinary mercapturic acids Volatile organic compounds; |
| Notes: | "MedlineFrigerio, Gianfranco Mercadante, Rosa Campo, Laura Polledri, Elisa Boniardi, Luca Olgiati, Luca Missineo, Pasquale Fustinoni, Silvia eng Netherlands 2020/04/13 Toxicol Lett. 2020 Jul 1; 327:48-57. doi: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2020.03.010. Epub 2020 Apr 10" |
