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Sci Rep

Title:		Two fatty acyl reductases involved in moth pheromone biosynthesis
Author(s):		Antony B; Ding BJ; Moto K; Aldosari SA; Aldawood AS;
Address:		"King Saud University, Department of Plant Protection, Chair of Date Palm Research, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia. Lund University, Department of Biology, Lund 22362, Sweden. RIKEN, Lipid Biology Laboratory, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan"
Journal Title:		Sci Rep
Year:		2016
Volume:		20160718
Issue:
Page Number:		29927 -
DOI:		10.1038/srep29927
ISSN/ISBN:		2045-2322 (Electronic) 2045-2322 (Linking)
Abstract:		"Fatty acyl reductases (FARs) constitute an evolutionarily conserved gene family found in all kingdoms of life. Members of the FAR gene family play diverse roles, including seed oil synthesis, insect pheromone biosynthesis, and mammalian wax biosynthesis. In insects, FAR genes dedicated to sex pheromone biosynthesis (pheromone-gland-specific fatty acyl reductase, pgFAR) form a unique clade that exhibits substantial modifications in gene structure and possesses unique specificity and selectivity for fatty acyl substrates. Highly selective and semi-selective 'single pgFARs' produce single and multicomponent pheromone signals in bombycid, pyralid, yponomeutid and noctuid moths. An intriguing question is how a 'single reductase' can direct the synthesis of several fatty alcohols of various chain lengths and isomeric forms. Here, we report two active pgFARs in the pheromone gland of Spodoptera, namely a semi-selective, C14:acyl-specific pgFAR and a highly selective, C16:acyl-specific pgFAR, and demonstrate that these pgFARs play a pivotal role in the formation of species-specific signals, a finding that is strongly supported by functional gene expression data. The study envisages a new area of research for disclosing evolutionary changes associated with C14- and C16-specific FARs in moth pheromone biosynthesis"
Keywords:		"Aldehyde Oxidoreductases/chemistry/*metabolism Amino Acid Sequence Animal Structures/metabolism Animals Biological Assay Biosynthetic Pathways Cloning, Molecular Fatty Acids/metabolism Fatty Alcohols/metabolism Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Insect;"
Notes:		"MedlineAntony, Binu Ding, Bao-Jian Moto, Ken'Ichi Aldosari, Saleh A Aldawood, Abdulrahman S eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't England 2016/07/19 Sci Rep. 2016 Jul 18; 6:29927. doi: 10.1038/srep29927"