| Title: | The Detection of Bacteria in the Maxillary Sinus Secretion of Patients With Acute Rhinosinusitis Using an Electronic Nose: A Pilot Study |
| Author(s): | Virtanen J; Roine A; Kontunen A; Karjalainen M; Numminen J; Oksala N; Rautiainen M; Kivekas I; |
| Address: | "Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland. Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Pirkanmaa, Finland. Department of Surgery, Tampere University Hospital, Hatanpaa Hospital, Tampere, Finland. Olfactomics Ltd., Tampere, Finland. Vascular Centre, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland" |
| DOI: | 10.1177/00034894231151301 |
| ISSN/ISBN: | 1943-572X (Electronic) 0003-4894 (Print) 0003-4894 (Linking) |
| Abstract: | "OBJECTIVE: Detecting bacteria as a causative pathogen of acute rhinosinusitis (ARS) is a challenging task. Electronic nose technology is a novel method for detecting volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that has also been studied in association with the detection of several diseases. The aim of this pilot study was to analyze maxillary sinus secretion with differential mobility spectrometry (DMS) and to determine whether the secretion demonstrates a different VOC profile when bacteria are present. METHODS: Adult patients with ARS symptoms were examined. Maxillary sinus contents were aspirated for bacterial culture and DMS analysis. k-Nearest neighbor and linear discriminant analysis were used to classify samples as positive or negative, using bacterial cultures as a reference. RESULTS: A total of 26 samples from 15 patients were obtained. After leave-one-out cross-validation, k-nearest neighbor produced accuracy of 85%, sensitivity of 67%, specificity of 94%, positive predictive value of 86%, and negative predictive value of 84%. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this pilot study suggest that bacterial positive and bacterial negative sinus secretion release different VOCs and that DMS has the potential to detect them. However, as the results are based on limited data, further conclusions cannot be made. DMS is a novel method in disease diagnostics and future studies should examine whether the method can detect bacterial ARS by analyzing exhaled air" |
| Keywords: | Adult Humans *Maxillary Sinus/microbiology Pilot Projects Electronic Nose *Sinusitis/diagnosis/microbiology Bacteria Acute Disease ion mobility spectrometry maxillary sinusitis; |
| Notes: | "MedlineVirtanen, Jussi Roine, Antti Kontunen, Anton Karjalainen, Markus Numminen, Jura Oksala, Niku Rautiainen, Markus Kivekas, Ilkka eng 2023/01/25 Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 2023 Nov; 132(11):1330-1335. doi: 10.1177/00034894231151301. Epub 2023 Jan 24" |
