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Science

Title:		"Glutamate triggers long-distance, calcium-based plant defense signaling"
Author(s):		Toyota M; Spencer D; Sawai-Toyota S; Jiaqi W; Zhang T; Koo AJ; Howe GA; Gilroy S;
Address:		"Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Saitama University, Saitama 338-8570, Japan. mtoyota@mail.saitama-u.ac.jp sgilroy@wisc.edu. Department of Botany, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53593, USA. JST, PRESTO, Saitama 332-0012, Japan. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Saitama University, Saitama 338-8570, Japan. Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA. Interdisciplinary Plant Group, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA. Department of Energy-PRL, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, and Plant Resilience Institute, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA. Department of Botany, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, 53593, USA. mtoyota@mail.saitama-u.ac.jp sgilroy@wisc.edu"
Journal Title:		Science
Year:		2018
Volume:		361
Issue:		6407
Page Number:		1112 - 1115
DOI:		10.1126/science.aat7744
ISSN/ISBN:		1095-9203 (Electronic) 0036-8075 (Linking)
Abstract:		"Animals require rapid, long-range molecular signaling networks to integrate sensing and response throughout their bodies. The amino acid glutamate acts as an excitatory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate central nervous system, facilitating long-range information exchange via activation of glutamate receptor channels. Similarly, plants sense local signals, such as herbivore attack, and transmit this information throughout the plant body to rapidly activate defense responses in undamaged parts. Here we show that glutamate is a wound signal in plants. Ion channels of the GLUTAMATE RECEPTOR-LIKE family act as sensors that convert this signal into an increase in intracellular calcium ion concentration that propagates to distant organs, where defense responses are then induced"
Keywords:		"Animals Calcium/metabolism/*physiology *Calcium Signaling Glutamic Acid/metabolism/*physiology *Herbivory Phloem/metabolism *Plant Physiological Phenomena Plasmodesmata/metabolism Receptors, Glutamate/*physiology;"
Notes:		"MedlineToyota, Masatsugu Spencer, Dirk Sawai-Toyota, Satoe Jiaqi, Wang Zhang, Tong Koo, Abraham J Howe, Gregg A Gilroy, Simon eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. 2018/09/15 Science. 2018 Sep 14; 361(6407):1112-1115. doi: 10.1126/science.aat7744"