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Sci Total Environ

Title:		Assessment of greenhouse emissions of the green bean through the static enclosure technique
Author(s):		Stringari G; Villanueva J; Rosell-Mele A; Moraleda-Cibrian N; Orsini F; Villalba G; Gabarrell X;
Address:		"Institut de Ciencia i Tecnologia Ambientals ICTA-UAB MdM Unit (CEX2019-0940-M), Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra, Spain. Institut de Ciencia i Tecnologia Ambientals ICTA-UAB MdM Unit (CEX2019-0940-M), Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra, Spain; Institucio Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avancats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain. Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences, University of Bologna Alma Mater Studiorum, Bologna, Italy. Institut de Ciencia i Tecnologia Ambientals ICTA-UAB MdM Unit (CEX2019-0940-M), Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra, Spain; Department of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra, Spain. Institut de Ciencia i Tecnologia Ambientals ICTA-UAB MdM Unit (CEX2019-0940-M), Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra, Spain; Department of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra, Spain. Electronic address: xavier.gabarrell@uab.cat"
Journal Title:		Sci Total Environ
Year:		2023
Volume:		20230218
Issue:
Page Number:		162319 -
DOI:		10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162319
ISSN/ISBN:		1879-1026 (Electronic) 0048-9697 (Linking)
Abstract:		"Urban green installations are extensively promoted to increase sustainable and accessible food production and simultaneously improve the environmental performance and liveability of city buildings. In addition to the multiple benefits of plant retrofitting, these installations may lead to a consistent increase in biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) in the urban environment, especially indoors. Accordingly, health concerns could limit the implementation of building-integrated agriculture. In a building-integrated rooftop greenhouse (i-RTG), throughout the whole hydroponic cycle, green bean emissions were dynamically collected in a static enclosure. Four representative BVOCs, alpha-pinene (monoterpene), beta-caryophyllene (sesquiterpene), linalool (oxygenated monoterpene) and cis-3-hexenol (LOX derivate), were investigated in the samples collected from two equivalent sections of a static enclosure, one empty and one occupied by the i-RTG plants, to estimate the volatile emission factor (EF). Throughout the season, extremely variable BVOC levels between 0.04 and 5.36 ppb were found with occasional but not significant (P > 0.05) variations between the two sections. The highest emission rates were observed during plant vegetative development, with EFs equivalent to 78.97, 75.85 and 51.34 ng g(-1) h(-1) for cis-3-hexenol, alpha-pinene, and linalool, respectively; at plant maturity, all volatiles were either close to the LLOQ (lowest limit of quantitation) or not detected. Consistent with previous studies significant relationships (r >/= 0.92; P < 0.05) were individuated within volatiles and temperature and relative humidity of the sections. However, correlations were all negative and were mainly attributed to the relevant effect of the enclosure on the final sampling conditions. Overall, levels found were at least 15 folds lower than the given Risk and LCI values of the EU-LCI protocol for indoor environments, suggesting low BVOC exposure in the i-RTG. Statistical outcomes demonstrated the applicability of the static enclosure technique for fast BVOC emissions survey inside green retrofitted spaces. However, providing high sampling performance over entire BVOCs collection is recommended to reduce sampling error and incorrect estimation of the emissions"
Keywords:		*Air Pollutants Monoterpenes Plants *Volatile Organic Compounds/analysis Air quality BVOCs Building-integrated agriculture (BIA) Hydroponics Phaseolous vulgaris Soilless;
Notes:		"MedlineStringari, Gaia Villanueva, Joan Rosell-Mele, Antoni Moraleda-Cibrian, Nuria Orsini, Francesco Villalba, Gara Gabarrell, Xavier eng Netherlands 2023/02/22 Sci Total Environ. 2023 May 20; 874:162319. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162319. Epub 2023 Feb 18"