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PLoS One

Title:		Indole primes plant defense against necrotrophic fungal pathogen infection
Author(s):		Shen Q; Liu L; Wang L; Wang Q;
Address:		"Institute of Ecological Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China"
Journal Title:		PLoS One
Year:		2018
Volume:		20181116
Issue:		11
Page Number:		e0207607 -
DOI:		10.1371/journal.pone.0207607
ISSN/ISBN:		1932-6203 (Electronic) 1932-6203 (Linking)
Abstract:		"Indole is a volatile compound and emitted from plants challenged by insect infestation or mechanic wounding. It has been shown to prime defense against herbivory. Here we identified that indole induced defense either directly or as a priming agent against necrotrophic pathogens Fusarium graminearum and F. moniliforme in maize and Magnaporthe oryzae in rice. With indole pretreatment, smaller lesions were developed in infected leaves, as well as less fungal growth. Indole induced H2O2 burst in the priming stage like other priming substances did. Such priming relied on mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade, which potentially activated downstream defense signaling. In addition, indole priming resulted in earlier and stronger defensive gene expression upon pathogen infection, including genes of jasmonate and phytoalexin biosynthesis, pathogenesis-related proteins (PRs) and anti-oxidant enzymes, which enhanced plant resistance. Meanwhile, H2O2 was also identified as the priming agent to induce plant defense. Taken together, indole exhibited priming function not only against herbivory but also necrotrophic pathogens. The common emission of indole in plants suggests that it plays important roles as the universal and endogenous priming substance in plant defense"
Keywords:		"Biosynthetic Pathways/drug effects Fusarium/drug effects/*growth & development Gene Expression Regulation, Plant/drug effects Hydrogen Peroxide/metabolism Indoles/*pharmacology MAP Kinase Signaling System/drug effects Magnaporthe/drug effects/*growth & de;"
Notes:		"MedlineShen, Qinqin Liu, Lijun Wang, Liping Wang, Qiang eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't 2018/11/18 PLoS One. 2018 Nov 16; 13(11):e0207607. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0207607. eCollection 2018"