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Genetics

Title:		Endogenous RNAi Pathways Are Required in Neurons for Dauer Formation in Caenorhabditis elegans
Author(s):		Bharadwaj PS; Hall SE;
Address:		"Department of Biology, Syracuse University, New York 13244. Department of Biology, Syracuse University, New York 13244 shall@syr.edu"
Journal Title:		Genetics
Year:		2017
Volume:		20170125
Issue:		4
Page Number:		1503 - 1516
DOI:		10.1534/genetics.116.195438
ISSN/ISBN:		1943-2631 (Electronic) 0016-6731 (Print) 0016-6731 (Linking)
Abstract:		"Animals can adapt to unfavorable environments through changes in physiology or behavior. In the nematode, Caenorhabditis elegans, environmental conditions perceived early in development determine whether the animal enters either the reproductive cycle, or enters into an alternative diapause stage named dauer. Here, we show that endogenous RNAi pathways play a role in dauer formation in crowding (high pheromone), starvation, and high temperature conditions. Disruption of the Mutator proteins or the nuclear Argonaute CSR-1 result in differential dauer-deficient phenotypes that are dependent upon the experienced environmental stress. We provide evidence that the RNAi pathways function in chemosensory neurons for dauer formation, upstream of the TGF-beta and insulin signaling pathways. In addition, we show that Mutator MUT-16 expression in a subset of individual pheromone-sensing neurons is sufficient for dauer formation in high pheromone conditions, but not in starvation or high temperature conditions. Furthermore, we also show that MUT-16 and CSR-1 are required for expression of a subset of G proteins with functions in the detection of pheromone components. Together, our data suggest a model where Mutator-amplified siRNAs that associate with the CSR-1 pathway promote expression of genes required for the detection and signaling of environmental conditions to regulate development and behavior in C. elegans This study highlights a mechanism whereby RNAi pathways mediate the link between environmental stress and adaptive phenotypic plasticity in animals"
Keywords:		"Animals Caenorhabditis elegans/*genetics/growth & development/metabolism Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins/genetics/metabolism GTP-Binding Proteins/genetics/metabolism *Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental Insulin/metabolism Pheromones/metabolism *RNA;"
Notes:		"MedlineBharadwaj, Pallavi S Hall, Sarah E eng P40 OD010440/OD/NIH HHS/ Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural 2017/01/27 Genetics. 2017 Apr; 205(4):1503-1516. doi: 10.1534/genetics.116.195438. Epub 2017 Jan 25"