| Title: | Molecular Background of a Moldy-Musty Off-Flavor in Cocoa |
| Author(s): | Porcelli C; Neiens SD; Steinhaus M; |
| Address: | "Leibniz-Institute for Food Systems Biology at the Technical University of Munich (Leibniz-LSB@TUM), Lise-Meitner-Strasse 34, 85354 Freising, Germany" |
| ISSN/ISBN: | 1520-5118 (Electronic) 0021-8561 (Linking) |
| Abstract: | "The parallel application of aroma extract dilution analysis to the volatiles isolated from a sample of fermented cocoa seeds with a pronounced moldy-musty off-flavor and to the volatiles isolated from a flawless reference sample revealed (-)-geosmin, 4-methoxy-2,5-dimethylfuran-3(2H)-one, 1H-indole, and 3-methyl-1H-indole as potential off-flavor compounds on the basis of their odor quality and higher flavor dilution factors in off-flavor cocoa than in the reference sample. Quantitation of the four compounds in nine off-flavor cocoa samples and calculation of odor activity values (ratio of the concentrations to the odor threshold values) suggested the crucial roles of (-)-geosmin and 3-methyl-1H-indole for the off-flavor. In the chocolate industry, their quantitation can be used to objectively assess the off-flavor at the level of incoming goods inspection. Because both compounds are inhomogeneously distributed between the testa and the embryo, separate quantitation in the two parts of the seeds is required" |
| Keywords: | *Cacao *Chocolate/analysis Flavoring Agents Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Odorants/analysis *Volatile Organic Compounds/analysis (-)-geosmin 3-methyl-1H-indole aroma extract dilution analysis (AEDA) cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) moldy-musty off-flavor; |
| Notes: | "MedlinePorcelli, Caterina Neiens, Silva D Steinhaus, Martin eng 2021/04/13 J Agric Food Chem. 2021 Apr 21; 69(15):4501-4508. doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c00564. Epub 2021 Apr 12" |
