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Curr Biol

Title:		Cdc42 explores the cell periphery for mate selection in fission yeast
Author(s):		Bendezu FO; Martin SG;
Address:		"Department of Fundamental Microbiology, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Biophore Building, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland"
Journal Title:		Curr Biol
Year:		2013
Volume:		20121129
Issue:		1
Page Number:		42 - 47
DOI:		10.1016/j.cub.2012.10.042
ISSN/ISBN:		1879-0445 (Electronic) 0960-9822 (Linking)
Abstract:		"How cells polarize in response to external cues is a fundamental biological problem. For mating, yeast cells orient growth toward the source of a pheromone gradient produced by cells of the opposite mating type. Polarized growth depends on the small GTPase Cdc42, a central eukaryotic polarity regulator that controls signaling, cytoskeleton polarization, and vesicle trafficking. However, the mechanisms of polarity establishment and mate selection in complex cellular environments are poorly understood. Here we show that, in fission yeast, low-level pheromone signaling promotes a novel polarization state, where active Cdc42, its GEF Scd1, and scaffold Scd2 form colocalizing dynamic zones that sample the periphery of the cell. Two direct Cdc42 effectors--actin cables marked by myosin V Myo52 and the exocyst complex labeled by Sec6 and Sec8--also dynamically colocalize with active Cdc42. However, these cells do not grow due to a block in the exocytosis of cell wall synthases Bgs1 and Bgs4. High-level pheromone stabilizes active Cdc42 zones and promotes cell wall synthase exocytosis and polarized growth. However, in the absence of prior low-level pheromone signaling, exploration fails, and cells polarize growth at cell poles by default. Consequently, these cells show altered partner choice, mating preferentially with sister rather than nonsister cells. Thus, Cdc42 exploration serves to orient growth for partner selection. This process may also promote genetic diversification"
Keywords:		"Cell Polarity Pheromones/metabolism/physiology Schizosaccharomyces/*cytology/physiology Sex Differentiation Signal Transduction cdc42 GTP-Binding Protein, Saccharomyces cerevisiae/metabolism/*physiology;"
Notes:		"MedlineBendezu, Felipe O Martin, Sophie G eng Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. England 2012/12/04 Curr Biol. 2013 Jan 7; 23(1):42-7. doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2012.10.042. Epub 2012 Nov 29"