| Title: | Evolution of vomeronasal receptor 1 (V1R) genes in the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus) |
| Author(s): | Moriya-Ito K; Hayakawa T; Suzuki H; Hagino-Yamagishi K; Nikaido M; |
| Address: | "Department of Brain Development and Neural Regeneration, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo 156-8506, Japan. Electronic address: moriya-kk@igakuken.or.jp. Department of Wildlife Science (Nagoya Railroad Co., Ltd.), Primate Research Institute, Kyoto University, Inuyama, Aichi 484-8506, Japan; Japan Monkey Centre, Inuyama, Aichi 484-0081, Japan. Nihon BioData Corporation, 3-2-1 Sakado, Takatsu-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 213-0012, Japan.; School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan. Department of Brain Development and Neural Regeneration, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo 156-8506, Japan. School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan. Electronic address: mnikaido@bio.titech.ac.jp" |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.gene.2017.11.048 |
| ISSN/ISBN: | 1879-0038 (Electronic) 0378-1119 (Linking) |
| Abstract: | "Pheromones are crucial for eliciting innate responses and inducing social and sexual behaviors in mammals. The vomeronasal receptor 1 genes, V1Rs, encode members of a pheromone receptor family that are mainly expressed in the vomeronasal organ (VNO). The V1R family shows extraordinary variety in gene number among vertebrates owing to successive gene gains and losses during evolution. Such diversity is believed to reflect a degree of dependence on the VNO. We investigated V1R evolution in primate lineages closely related to humans because these VNOs show a trend toward degeneration. We performed extensive phylogenetic analyses for V1Rs from a broad range of primate species. Although the decline of intact genes was evident in anthropoids (hominoids, Old World monkeys and New World monkeys), we found that a certain number of intact genes persist in New World monkeys. In one New World monkey species, the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus), we examined seven putatively functional V1Rs using in situ hybridization and reverse transcription-PCR. Based on their mRNA expression patterns in the VNO and other organs, two types of V1Rs emerged: the canonical class with VNO-specific expression, and a second group having more ubiquitous expression in various organs as well as VNO. Furthermore, phylogenetic analysis revealed that the class with the more widespread expression had been retained longer in evolution than the VNO-specific type. We propose that the acquisition of a novel non-VNO-related function(s) may have led to the survival of a small but persistent number of V1Rs in anthropoid primates" |
| Keywords: | "Animals Callithrix/*genetics/metabolism Evolution, Molecular Multigene Family Phylogeny Receptors, Pheromone/*genetics/metabolism Sequence Analysis, DNA Species Specificity Tissue Distribution Vomeronasal Organ/*metabolism Evolution Marmoset Pheromone rec;" |
| Notes: | "MedlineMoriya-Ito, Keiko Hayakawa, Takashi Suzuki, Hikoyu Hagino-Yamagishi, Kimiko Nikaido, Masato eng Netherlands 2017/11/21 Gene. 2018 Feb 5; 642:343-353. doi: 10.1016/j.gene.2017.11.048. Epub 2017 Nov 17" |
